IN animal experiments several investigators have demonstrated the depletoxy action of reserpine on the stores of catecholamines (CARLSON and HILLARP, 1956; BERTLER, CARLSSON and ROSENGREN, 1956; HOLZBAUER and VOCT, 1956; BRODIE, OLIN, K u " and SHORE, 1957; CARLSSON, ROSENGREN, BERTLER and NILSON, 1957; STJ-and SCHAPIRO, 1958). In patients treated with reserpine BURGER (1957) found a decrease in blood noradrenaline, and GADDUM et al. (1958) reported a diminished excretion in urine of adrenaline and noradrenaline. As part of an investigation of the excretion of catecholamines in mental patients under treatment with various drugs, a group of male schizophrenic patients under reserpine treatment were examined. The dosage of reserpine varied from 1 to 9 mg daily, usually 3 mg. Duration of treatment: 6 to 45 months. METHODS Determination of catecholamines in urine. The urine was collected for 24 hr in bottles containing U ) o d N-perchloric acid. One hundred mg ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (disodium salt) and 5 mg ascorbic acid were added to two urine samples of 10 ml each. To one sample was added 2 pg noradredhe in order to check the recovery. (Recoveries of both adrenaline (A) and noradrenaline (NA)are usually about 80 per cent.) By means of a Beckman-titrator or bromthymol blue the samples were neutralized to pH 7. centrifuged, and passed through a Dowex 50, X-8, column (2W-400 mesh, dimensions 5.5 x I5 mm), loaded with 0.1 M-phosphate buffer, pH 6.5. The flow rate was kept at 0.5-1 ml/min. The column was washed with 40 ml distilled water. A and NA were eluted with 7 9 ml N-HC~. The eluates were neutralized to pH about 6.5 (checked with indicator paper) by means
This study was undertaken to characterize type I diabetic patients with essential hypertension with respect to kidney function, renal hormones, and endothelial function. After 4 weeks without antihypertensive treatment, a cross-sectional study was carried out in the following groups: group 1, 14 healthy controls; group 2, 13 nondiabetic patients with essential hypertension (blood pressure > or = 140/90 mm Hg); group 3, 11 type I diabetic patients with hypertension but urinary albumin excretion (UAE) persistently normal (UAE: 10 mg/24 h, range 3 to 18) both before, during, and after discontinuing antihypertensive treatment; group 4, 15 type I diabetic patients with clinical nephropathy (UAE: 611 mg/24 h, range 192 to 3837) and hypertension. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were similar in the three hypertensive groups: 147/96 +/- 8/6, 150/94 +/- 11/9, and 152/92 +/- 12/6 mm Hg (groups 2, 3, and 4, respectively) but elevated compared with controls (114/74 +/- 9/9 mm Hg, P < .001). The diabetic patients with essential hypertension were hyperfiltering in contrast to patients with nephropathy (glomerular filtration rate 114 +/- 23 v 90 +/- 21 mL/min/173 m2, P < .05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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