The karyological study of two wild populations of mouse (Mus musculus domesticus) established the existence of Rb-metacentric chromosomes in the karyotype. The chromosome composition was determined by G-banding technique. The two populations were closely related because they were characterised by Rb-metacentric chromosomes of the same composition. The individuals of population I had 2n = 30 and 29 displaying 10 and 11 metacentrics, while the individuals of population II had 2n = 30, 31 and 32 with 10, 9 and 8 metacentrics respectively. The Rb (15.13) metacentric chromosome found in both populations was referred here for first time. In meiotic metaphase I of heterozygous males (2n = 29 and 31) one trivalent was observed. The occurence of many heterozygous individuals indicates the presence of a hybrid zone in the region.Resume. -L'etude cytologique de deux populations sauvages de Mus musculus domesticus etablit l'existence des chromosomes metacentriques robertsoniens dans leur caryotype. La composition des chromosomes metacentriques a etc determined par la technique de G-banding. Les deux populations ont une proche parente parce qu'elles se sont caracterisees par des chromosomes metacentriques robertsoniens de la meme composition. Les individus de la population I ont des nombres diplo'ides de 30 et 29 avec 10 et 11 chromosomes metacentriques, tandis que ceux de la population II ont des nombres diplo'ides de 30, 31 et 32 avec 10, 9 et 8 chromosomes metacentriques respectivement. Le chromosome metacentrique robertsonien (1,5-1,3) qui a ete trouve dans les deux populations a etc mis en evidence ici pour la premiere fois. A la meiose des males un trivalent a ete observe. L'existence de plusieurs individus heterozygotes indique la presence d'une zone d'hybridation dans la region.
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