Resumos das teses e dissertações apresentadas no PPG-SOL/UnBPapavras-chave: aconselhamento genético, anemia falciforme, campo e risco.
A elevação da renda das famílias e as condições propícias para a atividade aquícola têm permitido ao Brasil elevar a produção de pescado nos últimos anos. Em razão disso, a produção de tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) tornou-se alternativa interessante por apresentar adaptabilidade aos diferentes sistemas de produção e grande aceitação pelos consumidores. Ariquemes, RO destacase por apresentar condições logísticas e edafoclimáticas adequadas para produção dessa espécie. Objetivou-se com o presente trabalho analisar a viabilidade econômica da produção de tambaqui em viveiro escavado no município de Ariquemes, RO. Analisaram-se financeiramente receitas e despesas em um ciclo produtivo de 420 dias, tendo como referência valores de 2015. A produção de pescado foi suficiente para quitar o Custo Operacional Total. A Margem Líquida foi de R$ 0,44 kg -1 de peixe. Entretanto, a Receita Total foi insuficiente para cobrir o Custo Total, gerando Renda Líquida negativa de R$ 839,57. Contratação de mão de obra e aquisição de ração foram os itens que mais impactaram e responsáveis por 16,1% e 73,7% do Custo Operacional Efetivo, respectivamente. Verificou-se que a produção de tambaqui em viveiro escavado não se mostrou promissora e economicamente viável e tende a se tornar, a longo prazo, insustentável do ponto de vista econômico.Palavras-chave: Colossoma macropomum; custos de produção; mão de obra; piscicultura; ração. ABSTRACTThe rise increase in family income and the conditions conducive to aquaculture activity have allowed Brazil to increase fish production in recent years. As a result, tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) farming has become an interesting alternative because it is adaptable to different production systems and widely accepted by consumers. Ariquemes, in the State of Rondônia stands out because it presents adequate logistic and edaphoclimatic conditions for the production of this species. The objective of this paper is to analyze the economic viability of tambaqui farming in excavated nursery in the municipality of Ariquemes -RO. Revenues and expenses were financially analyzed in a 420-day production cycle, using values of 2015 as a reference. Fish farming was sufficient to pay Total Operational Cost. The Net Margin was R$ 0.44 kg -1 of fish. However, Total Revenue was insufficient to cover the Total Cost, generating negative Net Income of R$ 839.57. Labor hiring and feed purchase were the items that impacted the most and accounted for 16.1% and 73.7% of the Operational Cost, respectively. It has been found that tambaqui farming in an excavated nursery has not shown to be promising and economically viable and tends to become economically unsustainable in the long term.
The implementation of sustainable breeding programs requires genetic breeding strategies that are appropriate for the reality production systems. It is also essential that the choice of animal selection criteria be based on breeders' knowledge and objectives. This work is an ethno-zootechnical study of the Morada Nova sheep breed and its crossbreeds. The goals of this study were to register and analyze indigenous breeders' knowledge and practices regarding animal selection criteria and to generate technical information to support a participatory breeding program of the breed. This study was conducted in the Morada Nova municipality in the state of Ceará, Brazil. Semi-structured interviews were evaluated using two groups of individuals, purebred Morada Nova sheep breeders (RMN, n = 13) and breeders of Morada Nova crossbreeds (MMN, n = 48). Interview questions were used to identify local selection criteria adopted by each group in the choice of animals for breeding. Data from the interviews were submitted to frequency distribution analysis and the Shapiro-Wilk test to verify their distribution. Later, the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare the two groups of farmers based on that information, in addition to multivariate statistical analysis and evaluation of Smith salience index. Breeders in the RMN group used selection criteria related to breed standards, such as pelage color. In contrast, breeders of the MMN group used criteria related to productivity, such as body conformation and milk production. Breeders should be engaged in the development of breeding programs, and it is important to consider their preferences and objectives when evaluating breeding animals.
This study aimed to characterize the purebred Morada Nova sheep and crossbred farming systems in Ceará State, Brazil, through multivariate analysis. The study was carried out in the Morada Nova municipality in Ceará. Thirteen representative Morada Nova pure sheep Breeders (MNB) and 48 crossbreds' breeders of Morada Nova with other breeds (CMN) were interviewed. Was used a questionnaire-based including 12 variables: Breeder Age (BA); Herd Size (HS); Breeding System (BS); feed Supplementation (SUPLE); season feed supplementation (winter or summer); Age at Sexual maturity of Ram (ASR); Ram Discard Age (RDA); Age at Sexual maturity of the Ewe (ASE); Ewe Discard Age (EDA); Commercialization (COM); family participation (FAMP); Main Breeder Activity (MBA). Descriptive statistics and variance analysis were performed, followed by Tukey's test for the comparison of the farming systems of the two studied groups. Variables that characterize the farming systems were subjected to factorial analysis, cluster and discriminant analysis. Based on the factorial analysis, the variables SUPLE, SEASON, ASR, EDA, BA, HS and MBA most significantly contributed to the characterization of farming systems in both studied groups. There was obtained a high level of error classification of breeders to their origin group, due to the handling homogeneity between the studied groups. Multivariate analyses are useful for characterizing the farming system, but the results found can be influenced by the nature or characteristics of the data evaluated.
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