Phytonematodes are one of the most important pathogens of cereal crops, especially maize (corn). The current study aimed to conduct a survey of phytonematodes associated with the rhizosphere of some dominant cultivars of maize (Zea mays L.) in clay and sandy soils in different geographical areas (Sohag and Behaira Governorates). Data revealed a significant difference between nematode population density and soil type between clay and sandy. As well as, the differentiation of maize cultivars in their ability to reproduce nematodes. Also, results showed the spread of six genera of nematodes in the rhizosphere of the maize plants in sandy soil, which belong to three families; Helicotylenchus, Heterodera, Hoplolaimus, Meloidogyne and Tylenchorhynchus. While only three of them appeared in the clay soil; Heterodera, Paratylenchus and Tylenchorhynchus. In addition, the Pioneer cultivar recorded the highest population density of nematodes (427) in the clay soil, followed by the Triple hybrid cultivar and then the cultivar of Hybrid 131(425). While in sandy soils, the Hi-tech cultivar achieved the highest population density (742) compared to the same cultivar in clay soil (471).
The house crow has a notorious reputation for being a problem species in both native and foreign countries because of its multiplicity of approaches to adaptation and the consequent economic damage. In this context, the purpose of the current study is to elucidate the daily habits and population fluctuations of the house crow community in Suez Governorate, Egypt. The results indicated a substantial variation in the daily activity of the house crow based on the differences in the nature of the habitat. The highest numbers were recorded during the summer months (July to August) in parking and buildings during the sunset period, highlighting the drop in the first season's overall average compared to the second season. It is noted that the semi-annual average for the period from June 2020 to December 2021 significantly increased from the general average for the same period during the second season (60 and 49), respectively.
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