The prevalence and incidence in Finland is lower than could be expected from previous international surveys, most of which provide inadequate data for forming a real picture of the epidemiology of Meniere disease. Uniform diagnostic criteria are indispensable for further research.
Patients suffering from chronic external otitis had developed contact allergies to one or more compounds of topical preparations in 40% of 142 tested patients. Neomycin and framycetin caused most of the allergic reactions (16.2%) followed by chinoform (7.0%), chloramphenicol and polymyxin (4.2%). Preservatives of the topical otic preparations such as benzethonium chloride (8.5%), benzalkonium chloride (6.3%) and thimerosal (merthiolate) (5.6%) were also common causes of allergic reactions. An epicutaneous test (patch test) using compounds in topical preparations should be done in cases of prolonged, treatment resistant external otitis.
One thousand two hundred and seven school children aged seven to eight years were examined in the spring of 1978 in order to determine the frequence of undiagnosed secretory otitis media (SOM). All children were without any subjective ear symptoms. Two and eight tenths percent of the children were found to have SOM. The relation between SOM and the appearance of allergy, the occurrence of earlier otitis media, the occurrence of repeated upper respiratory tract infections and the treatment of earlier middle ear infections are discussed.
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