Six strains of microorganisms were screened for Exopolysaccharide production. Alternaria alternata was recognized to produce high levels of the EPS. The effects of environmental parameters on polysaccharide production by Alternaria alternate were investigated. Results showed the optimum temperature and initial pH for exopolysaccharide (EPS) production in shake flask cultures of Alternaria alternate were found to be 30°C and pH 3.0, respectively. Incubation period required for maximum production was 9days. glucose was found to be the best carbon source to production of EPS, various concentrations of glucose were applied for the screening of the suitability of EPS production. 4% glucose was favorable to production of EPS. Yeast extract gave the highest amount of EPS by Alternaria alternate, its maximum concentration for EPS was determined.
The fate of ochratoxin A (OTA) during the processing of artificially contaminated green coffee beans, the effect of decaffeination on the production of OTA in green and roasted coffee beans, and the effect of caffeine on the growth and OTA production by Aspergillus ochraceus were studied. The data indicated that the roasting, milling and decoction (brewing and Turkish coffee making) processes caused different percentage reductions in OTA. Decaffeinated samples showed a significantly higher concentration of OTA production than the caffeinated ones. A significantly higher percentage of OTA was reduced when the decaffeination process was performed before roasting treatment. Caffeine at 1.0 and 2.0% concentrations completely prevented OTA production and completely inhibited A. ochraceus growth in YES medium after 3-21 days.
Nineteen strains of microorganisms were screened for uricase production. Gliomastix gueg was recognized to produce high levels of the enzyme. The optimum fermentation conditions for uricase production by Gliomastix gueg were examined. Results showed that uric acid medium was the most favorable one, the optimum temperature was at 30º C, and incubation period required for maximum production was 8 days with aeration level at 150 rpm and at pH 8.0. Sucrose proved to be the best carbon source, uric acid was found to be the best nitrogen source. Both, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and ferrous chloride as well as some vitamins gave the highest amount of uricase by Gliomastix gueg.
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