The review is devoted to the complex relationship between headache and sleep disorders. The shared neuroanatomical structures of the nervous system involved in pain perception and sleep are shown, and mechanisms of comorbidity between headaches and sleep disorders are considered. Various types of headaches in the continuum of the sleep–wake cycle are described. Both pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches to treatment are examined in detail, with the biochemical basis of the drug action.
Anxiety disorders are considered as the most common class of mental disorders of adolescence. Anxiety affects all areas of a teenager’s life, significantly worsening his state of health, school performance indicators and relationships in the family and society. The article describes the characteristics of anxiety disorders in the adolescent period from the position of etiopathogenesis, classification, clinical features. The need for an integrated approach to the therapy of anxiety disorders in adolescents is grounded, which includes, in addition to full-fledged pharmacotherapy, a wide range of psychotherapeutic, physiotherapeutic and social rehabilitation activities.
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