Fertility rates in Tešanj Municipality (Bosnia and Herzegovina) in the second half of the 20 th and the beginning of 21 st century IntroductionThe Tešanj municipality is located in northern Bosnia and Herzegovina in the river valleys of Bosnia and Usora. This municipality administratively belongs to the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Zenica-Doboj Canton (Figure 1). It covers the total area of 163km2 and has population of about 47,000 (Population Census 2013, Agency for statistics of Bosnia and Herzegovina).Importance of fertility for population of Tešanj municipality reflects in the fact that the demographic development of this region greatly depended on fertility. In terms of low mortality rates, fertility represented crucial reproduction component and increase of the Tešanj population. Furthermore, fertility is greatly significant for the demographic development of the Tešanj municipality, especially due to their influence on other demographic processes and changes, as well as many economic and social changes (age dependency ratio, age structure of a population, the level of investments intended for the expanded reproduction and etc.). Biological, social, psychological and other factors had an effect on the fertility rates of Tešanj municipality population. Biological factors determined population's fertility levels. When it comes to the social factors, in the second half of the 20th century, higher fertility rates of the Tešanj population were a consequence primarily of the underdeveloped economy, low life standard, high illiteracy rates and low percentage of highly educated women and etc. (Bošnjović, 1990). When it comes to the psychological factors it is important to emphasize some psychological variables which are connected to attitudes of individuals in regard to the size of family, as well as psychological variables which are related to personal attitudes, motivations or personality characteristics (Rašević, 1972;Huinink, et. al., 2014). AbstractIn the second half of the 20 th century, demographic changes of the Tešanj municipality developed in accordance with the complex socioeconomic circumstances in this area. In the period from 1953 to 1991 the population of Tešanj municipality increased by the average annual population growth rate of 1.5%. The biggest impact on demographic trends had the positive and relatively high rates of natural increase. The natural population change of Tešanj municipality in this period was the result of the effect of biological, socioeconomic, psychological and other factors. In this period fertility significantly influenced the rates of natural increase of municipal population. The gradual decline process of the fertility rates, which has started in the 1960s and still lasts, reflected on the natural population change and population growth rates of Tešanj population. Additional decrease of the fertility and birth rates, as well as moderate increase of mortality rate was observed. This occurred due to the decrease of the total population, as well as the adverse soc...
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