Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease in the world. At the end stage of the disease, usually when patients cannot handle the pain anymore, the knee replacement surgery is the most common and effective treatment to reduce pain and improve functionality. The effect of preoperative exercise (prehabilitation) for patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is still controversial. Aim: To investigate the effect of prehabilitation on postoperative outcome and compare the results of the intervention with the control group. Material and Methods: This prospective study included 20 patients with a diagnosis of gonarthrosis, aged 48-70, who were randomly allocated to either the intervention group or control. Ten patients (intervention group) underwent a 6-week home-based exercise program before the TKA surgery. All patients were assessed by Knee Score (KS), Function Score (FS), and Body Mass Index (BMI) according to the following schedule: 6 weeks before surgery (for intervention group it meant before the prehabilitation program), just prior to surgery (for intervention group it meant after the prehabilitation program), after the surgery, at 3 rd month, 6 th month, and 12 th month postoperatively. They were all operated by the same surgeon, for the primary total knee replacement (Zimmer NexGen Complete Knee Solution) at the Clinic for Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Clinical Centre University of Sarajevo, from October 2016 to June 2017. Results: There is statistically significant difference for Knee and Function Score between the intervention and control group in testing time: just before surgery–meaning that KS and FS increased after the prehabilitation program. Knee Score was significantly different between the two observed groups postoperatively, 3 months postoperatively and 6 months postoperatively, while the Function Score was not significantly different in that period. Prehabilitation program provides better preoperative KS and FS, and better KS up to 6 months postoperatively. However, 12 months postoperatively there was no significant difference between the intervention and control group for the Knee and Function Score. Conclusion: Prehabilitation brings significant difference regarding the Knee Score in favor of the intervention group preoperatively and up to 6 months postoperatively.
Introduction:Exercise-associated muscle cramp (EAMC) is one of the most common conditions that occur during or immediately after the exercise, with questionable etiology.Aim:Aim of article was to present doubts about the cause of EAMC, whether it is primarily a neurological condition or it is water and salt imbalance.Results:Strongest evidence supports the neuromuscular aetiology with the focus on the muscle fatigue. Muscle overload and fatigue affects the balance between the excitatory drive from muscle spindles and the inhibitory drive from the Golgi tendon organs (GTO). This results in a localized muscle cramp. Since the dehydration and electrolyte depletion are systemic abnormalities, it is not clear how these changes would result in local symptoms such as cramping of the working muscle groups.Conclusion:“Triad” of causes might be behind the etiology of EAMC, although the “altered neuromuscular control” theory with the “dehydration” theory is the most cogent descriptive model that explains the origin of EAMC. Treatment and prevention strategies for EAMC include: electrical cramp induction, kinesio taping and compression garments, massage therapy, electrolyte supplementation and hydration, corrective exercise, stretching, quinine, pickle juice, hyperventilation strategies.
The objectives of this research were to establish somatotype and hand-grip strength between elite cadet male and female sambo athletes divided by weight categories. A total of 97 elite cadet sambo athletes, participants of the World Cadets Sambo Championships 2018 participated in the study. Male and female sambo athletes were divided by official weight categories. Anthropometrical variables were taken in order to calculate somatotypes and hand-grip strength. A one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc tests were used to compare group differences by weight categories. Results of this study provide the first description of somatotype and hand-grip strength of elite male and female cadet sambo athletes in relation to weight category. A typical somatotype in male sambo athletes was endomorphic mesomorphs with a predominance of musculoskeletal tissue, while female athletes differed concerning weight category. Overall, an increase in handgrip strength across weight categories was noted. Hand-grip strength increases linearly from the lightest to the heaviest weight category except in −66 and −84 kg in male athletes. Differences in handgrip strength of female athletes were detected between the lightest group and last six groups in all three variables in favor of last six as well as −44 and kg −48 kg compared with the heaviest. To the best of our knowledge, this study provides the first normative data of somatotype and hand-grip strength analyses in relation to age, gender, and weight categories of cadet sambo athletes. The anthropometric profile of sambo athletes changed according to their weight category. Mesomorphy was the most dominant somatotype component in male athletes, while female had three different types of somatotype component in relation to weight category. In conclusion, we found differences in hand-grip strength related to weight category, which can be linked to the muscle mass of athletes. Future studies should focus on somatotype and strength handgrip values of international compared to national level sambo athletes.
SummaryStudy aim: The body structure can play a determining role in the achievement of top judo performance, and it seems to influence the type of techniques applied. The aim of this study is to determine the somatotypes in male and female national level judokas across weight categories in order to observe possible differences among athletes.Material and methods: A total of 61 male judokas (23.2 ± 2.7 years old) and 37 female judokas (22.3 ± 3.3 years old) participated in this study. Anthropometric variables were used to calculate somatotypes. Somatotypes were determined according to the Heath-Carter method. Analysis of variance and Tukey’s post hoc test were used to determine differences between weight categories and obtained effect sizes (η2) were presented as well.Results: Somatotype differences among weight categories in male and female judokas were observed. Generally, all categories could be classified in three somatotypes in male and female athletes.Conclusions: The lightest categories were recognized as mesomorphic ectomorphs in females with an exception in the –48 kg category, and ectomorphic mesomorphs in male athletes. The middle ones had the endomorphic mesomorph somatotype and the heaviest athletes presented somewhat more extreme cases of endomorphic mesomorphs, both in male and female judokas. According to the results obtained, judokas have a specific body composition in different weight categories. Therefore, coaches could create a specific training programme for athletes who belong to different somatotypes.
Background: The use of computer assisted surgery, navigation (NAV) in shoulder arthroplasty is still under discussion, regarding the clinical outcome and prosthesis longevity, especially when combining these factors with cost, time and surgeon’s experience. Beside the NAV, there has been in use patient-specific instrumentation (PSI) as an additional tool for more precise glenoid implant position. Surgical NAV and PSI for glenoid implant positioning in anatomic and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty are in last years under observation and discussion. Objective: To critically review and evaluate the current literature regarding the use of computer navigation and PSI in shoulder arthroplasty. Methods: Critical review of the existing literature. Results: Cost-effectiveness, prosthesis longevity and revision arthroplasty rate have not yet been proven clinically. Moreover, heterogeneity is high in studies that include different positioning systems (NAV, PSI and standard instrumentation). Heterogeneity is due to differences in surgical technique, implants, surgeon’s expertise, radiographic image analysis technique. Conclusion: The use of navigation systems and PSI should be clinically proven in the shoulder arthroplasty. Independent experts’ opinion and independent high level studies lack at the moment. There will be still a lot of talk regarding this topic in future.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.