Pesticide residues in or on foods of plant/animal origin occur as a result of the use of chemical agents in plant protection, biocide preparations and veterinary medicine and may pose a risk to public health. For this reason, a comprehensive legal framework has been adopted in Bosnia and Herzegovina, defining rules for the approval of active substances used in plant protection products, the use of plant protection products and the regulation of maximum permitted quantities of pesticide residues in and on food. In 2019, 195 samples were analysed as part of pesticide monitoring. The control programme carried out the monitoring of residues/remains of 180 active substances in 155 products of plant origin, 30 products of animal origin and 10 products from the category of food for infants and young children. In total, of the 195 samples analysed, 141 samples did not contain pesticide residues at the quantification level, but 54 samples (27.7%) contained pesticide residues in/above the quantification level.
This report aims at providing an overview of the objective, sample, methodology and procedure of the study of Bosnia‐Herzegovinian Dietary Survey of adolescents, adults and pregnant women. The methodology for conducting the food consumption survey was in line with the European Food Safety Authority’s guidelines published in 2014. For the survey, a random sample stratified by age, gender and place of residence was drawn from the national population register. The sampled subjects were distributed over four different seasons and the survey calendar was organized to capture an adequate proportion of weekdays and weekend days at population group level. Detailed food consumption information was collected by using the 24‐hour recall method on two non‐consecutive days for each participant. The data collection was complemented with a FPQ, including foods/beverages interesting for their nutritional value or potential risk. Data were collected for 1384 people in the following age groups: 534 adolescents and 850 adults, and data for 134 pregnant women. The achieved response rate was 69.2% for general population and 67% for pregnant women.
Labelling products as “mountain products” provides producers in hilly and mountainous areas with effective tools to improve marketing of their products and reduce the risk of confusion among consumers regarding the hilly and mountainous origin of products on the market. The European Union has adopted legal framework regarding optional quality schemes for hilly - mountain products. The definition of a hilly-mountainous area should be based on the general classification criteria used to identify the hilly-mountainous area. For third countries, mountain areas include areas that third countries have officially designated as mountainous or that meet the same criteria as those in the European Union (EU). Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), as well as some other countries in its vicinity, has not yet normatively prescribed criteria for the possibility of protecting the optional quality label “mountain product”. The main aim of this paper is to analyse and propose criteria for “mountain product” label in BiH and to evaluate potential of this scheme for three traditional cheeses. The authors used the desk research method and secondary data for this research, as well as the results of empirical research and comparison with regional countries. Taking into account the experiences of countries with similar geographical characteristics, but also following the production of the three most widespread indigenous cheeses, Herzegovina cheese in a skin sack, Livno cheese, and Vlašić/ Travnik cheese, an attempt was made to find the best model for Bosnia and Herzegovina where the label “mountain product” can be used for agricultural and/ or food products originating from mountainous areas.
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