Mother is the closest person to teenagers. In addition to caring, mothers also have the ability to supervise and assist teenagers in using gadgets. Self-efficacy is important in conducting supervision because it is a part of the cognitive competence. Tha purpose knowing the relationship between self-efficacy and mother's experience in assisting adolescents using gadgets. The research method uses quantitative research with 345 teenager mothers in public junior high schools in Denpasar. The result of the study is the most of the informants' mothers still had bad experiences, that is about 243 people (70.4%). The variables that have a significant effect on the dependent variable. DIII education increases the chance of 27 times (AOR = 27.54) the level of mother's efficacy in medium compared to other education. The results show that in general, most mothers still have low efficacy in terms of assisting early teenagerss who use gadgets before intervention. There is a significant positive relationship between mother's experience and mother's self-efficacy in assisting early teens who use gadgets. The suggestions that can be conveyed is Mothers are expected to be able to provide assistance to their children in the use of gadgets
Background and purpose: The coverage of exclusive breastfeeding is reported to be low. The aim of this study was to explore the extent of the roles of midwives during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum in efforts to increase exclusive breastfeeding.Methods: This study used a qualitative approach with in-depth interviews using interview guidelines to explore the role of midwives in increasing exclusive breastfeeding during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum. The study was conducted in the working area of Kuta I Public Health Center (PHC), Badung District, Bali Province from October 2017-July 2018. Interviews were conducted with 12 informants chosen purposively, namely three PHC midwives, two private practice midwives, one nutrition program manager, four mothers who managed to provide exclusive breastfeeding and two who did not. Data were analyzed with a thematic approach.Results: This study shows that the roles of midwives are not optimal. The role that has been carried out during pregnancy is to provide information about breast care but not to practice breast care. During labor, the midwife facilitated the initiation of early breastfeeding except for mothers who experienced childbirth complications. During the postpartum period the midwife provides information about breastfeeding to working mothers and monitors exclusive breastfeeding at the integrated health services centers or in Indonesia called pos pelayanan terpadu (posyandu) until the infant reach the age of six months. Midwives provide information about breast care and how to overcome problems in breastfeeding, but do not facilitate the practice of both. All midwives do not make home visits for several reasons, namely distance to residents' homes, high burden of tasks and lack of human resources. Midwives also provide counselling at posyandu on maternal and child nutrition but do not focus on exclusive breastfeeding.Conclusion: The roles of midwives in facilitating exclusive breastfeeding during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum are still superficial and not in accordance with the guidelines for obstetric care. The roles of midwives need to be enhanced to increase exclusive breastfeeding.
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