Botulinum toxin A is an effective, safe, long-term treatment for patients with benign essential blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm. Sustained treatment efficacy required higher doses; however, fewer adverse reactions developed.
After levator advancement for acquired good-function blepharoptosis, 77% of patients had ideal results and 8.7% underwent reoperation. Patients with bilateral or severe blepharoptosis have increased risk of undercorrection.
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