Seaweed naturally grows in substrate of sand, mixing between sand, mud and shell fragments, and also coral. Previous researches stated that there were types of seaweed that able to grow in more than one substrates. The aims of this research was to know the community structure such as diversity, domination, evenness, and similarity of seaweed on various substrates in Permisan beach, Central java. This research used survey method and samples were randomly selected for each substrate with quadrate of 1 x 1 m2. The research found that 20 kinds of seaweeds with biomass for about 4,669 g. Seven kinds of seaweed that grow in sand substrate with biomass for about 0,636 g, 20 kinds of seaweed in coral substrate with biomass for about 2,399 g, and 12 kinds of seaweeds in mixing substrate with biomass for about 1,634 g. Diversity index value in Permisan beach was ranging between 0,064-0,828 and categorized as low. Domination index value was ranging between 0,213-1,193, which means there was dominating variety. Evenness index value was ranging between 0,021-0,276, which means the community was unstable. The highest similarity index value was coral substrate-mixing for about 75%.
Abstract. Widyartini DS, Widodo P, Susanto AB. 2017. Thallus variation of Sargassum polycystum from Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 1004-1011. Sargassum polycystum C. Agardh has characteristic of highly polymorphic thalli among individuals in its population. The shape and size of thalli are variable among the individuals. The study was aimed at knowing the variation of S. polycystum thalli grown in different beaches of Central Java. The data showed that the thalli of the S. polycystum grown in the Karimunjawa had more variation than those grown in the Menganti Beach, as obviously seen on its leaves and vesicles. There was a relationship between salinity and pH of the Menganti Beach of the length of vesicle S. polycystum, but nitrate and phosphate content weren't correlated of variation thalli. Temperature, salinity, and pH of Karimunjawa Beach were correlated with the vesicle's color, nitrate and phosphate correlated of the width as well as upper and lower surfaces of the leaves, phosphate also correlated with the leaf edge and vesicle diameter. Environmental factors in the Menganti Beach had not significantly affected the thalli variation, but salinity and pH had an effect on vesicle length. Temperature, salinity, and pH in the Karimunjawa Beach significantly affected the vesicle color, nitrate and phosphate affect the width of leaves as well as their upper and lower surface. Phosphate also affected the edge of the leaf and the vesicle diameter
Sargassum polycystum is one of seaweed what be able to produce alginate. Cultivation development intensively use common cultivation methods and planting age of growth season properly which can be able to produce good growth and highest alginate. This study is used an experimental method. The basic design used for the content of alginate S. polycystum use completely randomized design (CRD) with Split Plot Design which repeated 3 times. The main plot of this study is a method of cultivation are included by floatting method and bottom method and Subplot is age after planting are consist of 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. The cultivation result of S. polycystum by bottom method with 28 days, showed the highest growth rate about 17.38 g.day-1, while the lowest growth were founded on bottom method on age 7 days about 3.42 g.day-1. The Results of analysis of variance showed that the interaction of cultivation method and planting age have significant effect on the subtances of alginate from S. polycystum. The highest alginate are produced by bottom method of planting age on 28 days about 58.33%. The Lowest alginate are produced by floating and bottom methods of planting age on 7 days about 11.67%. Quality of alginate farmed bottom methods of color is more yellowish than the cultivation of the floating method.
There was a unique brackish water ecosystem and affected a chance in the plankton composition at lagoon and riverside in Segara Anakan Cilacap. This study aimed to map phytoplankton and zooplankton composition consisting of freshwater and marine plankton from the lagoon to the marine entrance in the west part of Segara Anakan Cilacap. The survey method was taken with purposive random sampling in fourteen stations and four replicates with new and full moon conditions from March to April 2018 in a wet season. The result showed 52 species of plankton. All species belonged to phylum Cyanophyta (9 species), Chlorophyta (13 species), Chrysophyta (19 species), Euglenozoa (2 species), Rotifera (2 species) and Arthropoda (7 species). Of the 52 species collected in all stations and replicates, phytoplankton has a greater species richness (41 species) than zooplankton (11 species). And also, freshwater plankton (47 species) has a higher species richness than marine plankton (5 species) due to the wet season condition causing freshwater enters brackish water. The largest freshwater of River Citanduy enters the brackish water of Segara Anakan mangrove ecosystem in Cilacap and causing the freshwater phytoplankton abundance, especially Staurastrum sp. in inland waters of Segara Anakan Cilacap.
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