It has been asserted that consumption of dietary cholesterol (Chol) raises atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases and that Chol causes an increase in free radical production. Hypercholesterolemic diet has also been reported to cause changes in the antioxidant system. In our study, different doses of Juniperus communis Linn (JCL) oil, a tree species growing in Mediterranean and Isparta regions and having aromatic characteristics, were administered to rats; and the levels of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances assay (TBARS) were examined in the heart tissue of rats. In this study, 35 Wistar Albino male adult rats weighing approximately 250-300 g were used. The rats were divided into five groups of seven each. The control group was administered normal pellet chow, and the Chol group was administered pellet chow including 2% Chol, while 50 JCL, 100 JCL, and 200 JCL groups were administered 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg JCL oil dissolved in 0.5% sodium carboxy methyl cellulose, respectively, in addition to the pellet chow containing 2% Chol, by gavage. After 30 days, the experiment was terminated and the antioxidant enzyme activities were examined in the heart tissue of rats. While consumption of dietary Chol decreases the activities of SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT in heart tissue of rats (not significant), administeration of 200 mg/kg JCL oil in addition to Chol led to a significant increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Administering Chol led to a significant increase in TBARS level. Administering 100 and 200 mg/kg JCL oil together with Chol prevented significantly the increase in lipid peroxides. As a result of the study, JCL oil showed oxidant-antioxidant effect in the heart tissue of rats.
To investigate the possible role of oxygen free radicals and oxidant stress in the toxic effects of phenoxyherbicides, we studied the in vitro effect of 4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (4-CPA) on various human erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes, namely glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, catalase, selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase. 4-CPA added in a dose of 1 ppm to human erythrocytes for 1 h caused a significant reduction in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (P <0.001) and catalase (P <0.001) activities, but did not significantly affect the activities of other enzymes. Such selective inactivation of specific erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes may play a role in the toxic effects of phenoxyherbicides.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliabilities of the Biosen C Line (BCL) laboratory and Lactate Scout (LS) hand-held portable lactate analyser within a wide range lactate concentration. LS analyser was compared to the BCL analyser (reference method) to evaluate its validity. Materials and methods: Blood samples were taken during an incremental treadmill test under laboratory conditions. In order to evaluate reliability, 99 blood samples with lactate concentrations changed between 0.8-11.1 mM were measured twice. Results: For the LS analyser, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.994; typical error of measurement (TE) and coefficient of variation (CV) were 0.200 mM and 2.95%, respectively. For the BCL analyser, ICC was 1.000; TE and CV were 0.044 mM and 0.50%, respectively. LS hand-held portable-and BCL laboratory analysers' reliability results show perfect accordance. In order to evaluate LS analyser reliability, 99 blood samples with lactate concentrations between 0.8-11.1 mM were also measured, giving a high validity coefficient of 0.976. Validity was also separately assessed for the three sample ranges of <2.5 mM, 2.5-5.0 mM and >5.0 mM, yielding ICC values of 0.862, 0.903 and 0.783, respectively. Comparing with the Bland & Altman method, LS and reference method mean lactic acid concentration difference was-0.097 mM, and limits of agreement-1.342 and 1.147 mM. Conclusion: The results of the study revealed that the LS analyser has high validity, however at concentrations higher than 5.0 mM, its measures are found significantly lower than those of the reference method.
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