Along with the increasing needs of beauty and personal care in modern life, cosmetics become more and more necessary for not only women but also men all over the world. Based on the papers with relevant theories and literature included, this study gave an overview of the impact of extrinsic cues related to cosmetic products such as brand, price and country-of-origin (COO) on female consumers, and also the cosmetic industry in Vietnam. The results may help generate a possible model or basis for the future research on consumer behavior.

In online settings, user-generated online consumer reviews, one form of electronic word of mouth are considered as not only exogenous factor affecting product sales but also endogenous factors that are affected by consumer behavior. This study identifies effects of online reviews on consumer decision-making processes and how online reviews motivate consumers to make word of mouth behavior about the product through mediating effect of consumer purchase intention. The data is randomly collected from 312 Vietnamese online shoppers who had experienced Amazon website to reach the online reviews. By using tests of structural equation modeling, the findings reveal that online reviews in terms of source credibility, number of online reviews and valence of online reviews affect consumer purchase intention and also positively affect WOM behavior through mediating variable.

Purpose This study aims to identify the factors of service recovery strategy that affect customer satisfaction. In addition, this study aims to explore the relationship between consumer satisfaction with service recovery and electronic word of mouth (e-WOM) in the online context. Design/methodology/approach A self-administered questionnaire is designed and administered through an online survey. This study evaluates the proposed framework through structural equation modeling with online survey data from 425 samples in the context of online buying. Findings The results show that explanation, effort, response speed, problem-solving and apology are the components predicting service recovery strategy. These factors have impacts on customer satisfaction with service recovery and also generate e-WOM about service recovery experiences. This study significantly contributes to not only practical insights but also the expansion of expectation confirmation theory and social exchange theory regarding online service failures. Research limitations/implications Samples from non-internet shoppers are not collected because this study focuses on consumers referring to purchase online. Testing this conceptual model for other populations, such as non-online consumers, including the moderating effect of gender, age and education on the relationships proposed in the model may be an interesting extension. Moreover, this study does not distinguish different types of online retailers. Practical implications This study highlights the significant effect of customer satisfaction with service recovery on e-WOM. That is, managers should focus on not only making customers satisfied with their initial purchase but also enhancing customer satisfaction with service recovery in case the service failure occurs to encourage positive interaction among customers. This case will also improve the organizational image of a firm. Originality/value This study contributes to the identification of service recovery actions that focus on the roles of employees in dealing with service failures and their impacts on customer satisfaction in the online shopping context. In addition, the findings provide a greater understanding of the importance of customer satisfaction on e-WOM.