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Structural analysis of three novel substituted thiocarbamide ligands N‐(naphthyl)‐N′‐(isobutoxycarbonyl) thiocarbamide (H2L1), N‐(4‐methoxyphenyl)‐N′‐(isobutoxycarbonyl) thiocarbamide (H2L2) & N‐(2‐methoxy‐4‐nitrophenyl)‐N′‐(isobutoxycarbonyl) thiocarbamide (H2L3) and their copper(I) complexes [(H2L1)2CuCl] (1), [(H2L2)2CuCl] (2) and [(H2L3)2CuCl] (3) was performed using various spectroscopic techniques (FT−IR, 1H and 13C NMR, UV‐Visible),TG analysis and single crystal X‐ray studies of (H2L1) and [(H2L1)2CuCl] (1). The copper(I) complexes possess trigonal planar geometry coordinating through two thione sulfur atoms from two ligand molecules and one chloride ion. Two intramolecular hydrogen bonding interactions present between (−N1H) and carbonyl oxygen (−N2H) and coordinated chlorine stabilize the trigonal planar structure of the complexes. Cyclic voltammogram of complexes 1–3 displayed quasireversible redox behaviour corresponding to CuI/CuII couple. Determination of in vitro cytotoxicity of ligands and their complexes using five human carcinoma cell lines 2008, C13* (cervical carcinoma), A2780, A2780/CP and IGROV‐1 (ovarian carcinoma) revealed that copper(I) complexes were more potent inhibitors than the ligands against all the cell lines. The most effective were complexes 2 and 3. The comet assay test of complexes 2 and 3 against 2008, C13* and IGROV‐1 cell lines indicated significant damage to the DNA structure.

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