Colorimetric and fluorometric detection of copper ion (Cu2+) has attracted much attention because of the biological, environmental and medical significance of the Cu2+ion.

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5Pyrene linked simple thiourea has been synthesized and receptor 1 acts as fluorescence and visual sensor for the detection of Cu 2+ and Hg 2+ ions. The sensor showed effective detection of Cu 2+ and Hg 2+ at a low detection limit. Receptor 1 has been successfully applied to fluorescence imaging of Cu 2+ and Hg 2+ ions in living cells. Also receptor 1 selectively detects picric acid via color change and fluorescence change.

Thiophene-based diimine (R1) and monoimine (R2) were synthesized in a single step, and their cation binding affinity was tested using colorimetric and UV-vis spectral studies. R1 selectively shows a colorimetric turn-on response for Pb(2+), Hg(2+) ions and colorimetric turn-off with Sn(2+) ions, and R2 shows visual response for Cu(2+) and Hg(2+) over other examined metal ions in aqueous medium. R1 forms 1:1 complex with Pb(2+), Hg(2+), and Sn(2+) and exhibits fluorescence quenching, whereas R2 shows 2:1 complex with Hg(2+), Cu(2+) and shows fluorescence enhancement. The structural and electronic properties of the sensors and their metal complexes were also investigated using Density Functional Theory calculations. R2 was also successfully demonstrated as a fluorescent probe for detecting Cu(2+) ions in living cells.