The present study was conducted at the Kulumsa Soil and Plant Analysis Laboratory, Ethiopia from January 2021 to January 2022 to identify the appropriate storage duration of soil samples and recommend good storage materials for soil laboratories. The effects of soil sample storage on the pH, TN (%), OC (%), and available phosphorus were studied for 12 months. The highest and lowest concentrations of pH, TN (%), OC (%), and available phosphorus at the Kulumsa site were: 6.29 and 5.82; 0.17 and 0.12%; 2.93 and 1.70%; 22.53 and 10.88 respectively. At the Arsi Robe site, the highest and lowest concentrations of pH, TN (%), OC (%), and available phosphorus were 6.54 and 5.97, 0.16 and 0.12%, 3.02 and 1.00%, and 19.09 and 10.39 respectively. The highest and lowest concentrations of pH, TN (%), OC (%), and available phosphorus (mg kg1) at the Dera site were 9.14 and 8.47; 0.11, 0.07%; 4.36, 1.04%; and 111.85 and 75.37 respectively. Soil samples were stored in three storage containers with replications. The storage materials a card box with a plastic bag and a polyethylene bottle have not made any significant difference in the results of a soil sample stored under laboratory. A card box with a plastic bag was the appropriate material for soil sample storage for long-term analysis. However, based on the cost effectiveness and availability of the material to be purchased for the soil storage condition, the polyethylene plastic bag was the best option for soil sample storage under laboratory conditions.
Field experiments were conducted at Kulumsa station of Tiyo district, southeastern Ethiopia in 2017 and 2018 offseason, to test the effect of fertilizer products on yield and yield components of potato and to evaluate the possibility of incorporating the products into input system for agricultural production. The treatment set up were 1) No input (negative control), 2) recommended rate of fertilizer (RNP) (111, 39 and 16.5 Kg ha -1 N. P and S, respectively) from NPS and Urea, 3) RNP + 1.8 L ha -1 LF; 4) RNP + 3 L ha -1 LF, and 5) RNP + 4.2 L ha -1 LF on growth performance and yield. The results showed that treatment effects were significant for potato total and marketable tuber yields. Since the effect of fertilizers on the yield of potato was consistent across seasons in Kulumsa station, combined analysis has been conducted. The highest total (46.1 t ha -1 ) and marketable (42.2 t ha -1 ) tuber yields were recorded with the application of recommended fertilizer (RNP) + 1.8 L ha -1 LF and (RNP) + 3L ha -1 LF. This treatment was even statistically superior to application of RNP alone. Compared to the control and RNP treatments, application of inorganic fertilizers with 1.8 L ha -1 LF gave 23.4 and 14.1% more total tuber yield of potato, respectively. Similarly, RNP + 3.0L ha -1 LF gave 20.9 and 13.7 % more marketable tuber yield of potato over the control and recommended fertilizer from inorganic sources (NPS and urea) treatments, respectively. The result further showed that application of 1.8 L ha -1 LF with RNP fertilizer gave total and marketable potato tuber yields which is statistically at par with yields obtained from NPS plus 3.0 L ha -1 LF. The lowest total (35.3 t ha -1 ) and marketable (33.4 t ha -1 ) tuber yields of potato were harvested from the plots that received neither inorganic nor fertilizers. Therefore, integrated application of liquid fertilizer along with full dose of inorganic fertilizers has been recommended for increased productivity of potato in the southeastern highlands of Ethiopia.
This review discusses about laboratory soil analysis and soil mineral management in different Organic farming.The objective of this review were laboratory mineral soil analysis and soil mineral management in organic farming was to draw together all the available relevant research findings in order to develop the knowledge and expertise of organic advisers and thereby to improve soil management practice on organic farms. There are several methods available for measuring total N in soils, mineral N in soils and mineralization potential. Chemical extractions which aim to establish the pool of nitrogen to plants include the use of potassium salts, K 2 SO 4 to extract inorganic and labile organic N pools. Soil P tests are commonly used to assess soil nutrient availability and to assist in fertilizer recommendations. Available K measured by ammonium nitrate gave a good indication of the plant available K in soil; crops showed a response to increasing available K and continued cropping caused a decline in the pool of available K in soil. Soil analysis based on chemical analysis is a snapshot of nutrient pools. It is normally reported in mg/l of soil. Soils are sampled and analysed and digital maps provided to the farmer. This then allows targeted use of inputs to correct nutrient deficiencies or acidity. While this is primarily used in conventional farming for fertiliser application it is now also being used increasingly in organic farming.
This review discusses about phosphorus and zinc fertilizer consumption led to increasing yield and yield components of the crops. The objectives of this review were focuses on the impact of application of phosphorus and zinc fertilizers on yield and yield components of crop plants and their importance on crop performance enhancement. The other important aspect of phosphorus and zinc nutrition is the interaction effect between them, especially in soils marginally deficient in phosphorus and zinc. When phosphorus and zinc were fertilized together, to such soils, crop yields are reported to increase with positive interaction of phosphorus and zinc. The Applications of zinc and phosphorus fertilizers led to increasing yield and yield components of crops such as height, number of tiller, Biomass yield, the number of filled grain spike, yield in ha, spike weight in plant, grain length, spike length in m 2 and harvest index etc. Thus, it is important to apply the effect of P and Zn nutrients to improve yield and yield components of cops.
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