The results of our study indicate that the effects of low-level laser therapy on salivary glands are not only stimulating, but also regenerative to a degree since the glandular response to the same amount of applied laser energy increased linearly over time.

No abstract

Mie theory is used to study the influence of the particle-size distribution (PSD) on the backscattering ratio for case 1 and 2 waters. Several in situ measured PSDs from coastal water and the open ocean, representing typical case 2 and 1 waters, were used in this investigation. Calculation of the backscattering ratio requires integration of the PSD over a much broader size range than is usually measured. Consequently extrapolation from fitted data is necessary. To that purpose the measured data are fitted with hyperbolic (Junge) and the two-component model of the PSD. It is shown that the result of extrapolation, hence the backscattering ratio, critically depends on the chosen PSD model. For a particular PSD model the role of submicrometer particles and the applied integration limits on the backscattering ratio is discussed. The use of the hyperbolic PSD model largely overestimates the number of small (submicrometer) particles that significantly contribute to backscattering and consequently leads to an erroneously high backscattering ratio. The two-component model proves to be an adequate PSD model for use in backscattering/scattering calculations providing satisfactory results complying with experimental data. The results are relevant for the inversion of remotely sensed data and the prediction of optical properties and the concentration of phytoplankton pigments, suspended sediment, and yellow substance.

No abstract

Our results have shown that both laser wavelengths were effective in increasing salivary flow rate, and the improvement in salivation was statistically significant. The effect of treatment could be observed 10 days after the completion of treatment, thus providing evidence not only of stimulative effect but also indicating regenerative potential of PBM therapy.