Background Varicocele presents as the most frequent cause of infertility in men. Most reports showed that varicocelectomy has a significant impact on male fertility and reproductive outcome. This study aims to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of scrotal–inguinal microsurgical varicocelectomy in treating male infertility. Methods We prospectively studied preoperatively and postoperatively (at 3 and 6 months) 86 consecutive patients diagnosed with varicocele, abnormal semen parameters, and infertility, undergoing scrotal–inguinal microsurgical varicocelectomy. Semen test was performed before surgery and at 3 months and 6 months after surgery. The reproductive events were short-term followed up. Results The median age of the patient was 32.9 ± 5.1 (20–43). Two cases (2.7%) had a minor infection of the scrotum incision, who were well treated by appropriate antibiotics. After operation, total sperm count and the percentage of motile sperms at 3 months and 6 months were significantly higher than those pre-varicocelectomy, respectively. In total, 26.7% (23/86) of all couples achieved a spontaneous pregnancy. Late complications such as testicular atrophy, hydroceles, and recurrent varicocele have not occurred. Conclusions Scrotal–inguinal microsurgical varicocelectomy is an acceptable method in treating male infertility due to high rate of reproductive outcomes and very low rate of complications.
Objectives: To evaluate the technique to puncture the needle into the renal calyces based on the CT-Scanner images and only used the C-arm on the principles of geometry in PCNL. Materials and Methods: 86 cases of percutaneous nephrolithotomies have been performed at Department of Urology of Hue Central Hospital from June 2014 to May 2017. Results: Mean age 47.3 ± 12.7 years (23 - 71). Renal pelvis stones: 15 cases (17.4%), renal calyx stones: 9 cases (10.5%), staghorn stones: 24 cases (27.9%) and renal pelvico-calyx stones: 38 cases (44.2%). Grade of hydronephrosis: grade I: 27 cases (31.4%), grade II: 31 cases (36.0%), grade III: 9 cases (10.5%), no hydronephosis 19 cases (22.1%). For making dilatation, we puncture into inferior posterior of the kidney in 41 cases (47.7%), middle calyx 37 cases (43.0%) and superior calyx 8 cases (9.3%). Average time to puncture 17 ± 18 seconds (fastest 3 seconds and slowest 156 seconds). Not used urinary contrastion: 14 cases (16.3%), and used it for 72 cases (83.7%). PCNL was successful 100%. Conclusions: The technique to puncture the needle into the renal calyces based on the CT-Scanner images and only used the C-arm fluoroscopic on the principles of geometry in PCNL is good technique with fastly and exactly result. Key words: : percutaneous nephrolithotomies (PCNL), Hue Central Hospital, renal calyces
This paper presents the effect of Cadium in Aluminium alloys on mechanical property and phase transformation in the alloys. The Aluminium 4,8Cu 0,6Mn 0,2Ti alloys that contain between 0,150 and 0,288 Cadmium not only enhanced strength but also stabilized physical-mechanical properties. These characteristics are particularly shown on high temperature conditions. Although Cadmium does not participate in the resistance phases of the alloys, it still can maintain and dispose the vacancies in Al-Cu-Mn alloys after tempering. That's reason why Cadmium can control the precipitation of the resistance phase - CuAl2- in the tempering process.
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