Water is the most fundamental natural resource found on the Earth which is equally important to all living organisms. About 70% of the Earth surface is secured with water. The endurance and nature of human life depend upon the accessibility of freshwater. Natural water quality is deteriorating by utilizing various contaminants such as physical, chemical and biological components which cause a serious threat to organisms. These various contaminants decrease the quality of portable drinking water and which causes several diseases in the human beings. Physical test includes temperature, color, pH, turbidity, TDS, TSS etc. A chemical test depicts BOD, COD, dissolved oxygen (DO), alkalinity and the hardness of water. Biological quality of water is measured by the MPN test. The present investigation aimed to determine various Physico-chemical parameters of water of 5 different ponds of Raipur city.
The world is gaining a lot of interest in the production of bioethanol from various biobased, agricultural waste sources in order to reduce net carbon dioxide emissions and lower the global dependence on fossil fuels. Lignocellulosic materials were a good choice as a feedstock for ethanol production considering their incredible accessibility and their ethanol yields. Rice straw is one of the major agro-waste which is produced during rice processing. This demonstrates the potential of using such waste materials for further processing, particularly in the production of bioethanol. The goal of this research is to make bioethanol from rice straw. For fermentation, rice straw hydrolysate was produced and inoculated with Saccharomyces cerevisiae. After fermentation, the fermented samples were qualitatively checked for the confirmation of bioethanol production and quantitatively estimated by the specific gravity method. Effects of various parameters like temperature, incubation period, and inoculum were also optimized to enhance bioethanol production. The highest bioethanol was obtained when 1% inoculum size was taken at 30℃ for 72 h.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.