The olive fruits are rich source of oil, vitamins, minerals, organic acids and pigments. The fruits contain high level of bioactive compounds. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of heat treatment on tocopherols, total phenolics and antioxidant activity in green and black olives, as well as their fatty acid composition. The instrumental methods used in this experiment were high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC/FID) and spectrophotometric methods. The results revealed that the β+γ-tocopherols content after the heat treatment had the biggest reduction, which was 68.4% for green and 80.2% for black olives. Also, a significant loss of total phenolic content was observed after heat treatment in green and black olives by 18.6% and 18.4%, respectively, as well as antioxidant activity (decrease up to 28.1%). The most abundant fatty acids in green and black olives were oleic (C18:1), palmitic (C16:0) and linoleic acid (C18:2). The changes in fatty acids composition during the heat treatment occurred mostly at the level of polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially linolenic acid (C18:3) in black olives had the significant reduction (by 57.4%) in relation to the initial quantity.
The aim of this research was to produce a lyophilised water and ethanol extract from Fuscoporia torulosa mushroom, to determine the antimicrobial and antioxidant potential of the extracts and in industrial conditions to produce a new, functional product -Bio Soups, enriched with lyophilised extracts derived from fruiting body of F. torulosa mushroom, at the same time without use of synthetic additives. The application of the lyophilised extracts in the industrial production of dehydrated soups showed positive results. Such soups are characterised with higher (P < 0.05) antimicrobial and antioxidant activity, compared to conventional soups, while it has been proven constant biological potential and stability up to the 90th day of production. This is the first dehydrated soup enriched with lyophilised extract of medicinal mushroom, since its production does not require special conditions, and it possesses exceptional functional properties, this product could have a many times greater market potential compared to conventional soups.
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