Hepatitis B, caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a vaccine preventable disease. Health care workers are at high risk of HBV infection due to their exposure to infectious materials. Anti-hepatitis B surface antigen antibody (Anti HBs) titre of 10 IU/mL indicates protection. Aims: To determine the antibody titre among health care workers of RIMS Hospital, Imphal. Settings and Design: Cross-sectional study Methods and Material: Blood samples were collected from 164 health care workers vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine and anti HBs titre was estimated by ELISA. Statistical analysis used: Descriptive and inferential statistics. The quantitative variables were expressed as mean and standard deviation while categorical variables were expressed as percentage. Odds ratio was used for calculation of protective antibody titre. Association between antibody titres and time since vaccination was analysed using Pearson correlation. Results: Protective titre seen in 130(79.26%) participants while on-protective titre is seen in 34(20.73%) participants. While only 15.57% of fully vaccinated individuals have non-protective anti HBs titre, 40% of partially vaccinated HCWs do not have protective titre. Conclusions: Completion of a three-dose series of hepatitis B vaccine is important to achieve seroconversion. A second series of vaccine may be recommended for seroconversion failure after the first series of vaccine followed by re-testing of anti Hbs titre. Booster dose is not recommended for seroconverted individuals with low antibody titre.
BACKGROUND Hepatitis B infection is a major global health problem. The seroprevalence of Hepatitis B virus infection among general population attending at a tertiary care hospital is useful in assessing the magnitude of HBV infection and helps in devising preventive measures. The co-infection of Hepatitis B or Hepatitis C virus with HIV accelerates disease progression and may complicate the management of patients infected with HIV. This study was designed to determine hepatitis B virus infection among patients attending tertiary care centre in NorthEast India. MATERIALS & METHODS A total of 11399 serum samples, collected from patients attending outpatient or inpatient departments and ART centre, were screened for HBsAg using 3 rd generation ELISA (Qualisa HBsAg, Qualpro Diagnostics, Goa, India) in this retrospective study. RESULTS Seroprevalence of HBsAg was 1.23%. Seropositivity was seen more in males (2.2%) as compared to females (0.89%). Among males, highest occurrence was found in the age group of 21-30 (3.29%) years followed by 31-40 (2.94%) years and 41-50 (2.37%) years. Among females, highest prevalence was observed in age group of 51-60 (1.39%) years followed by 61-70 (1.15%) years and 41-50 (1.13%) years. CONCLUSION Present study showed that the overall rate of HBsAg positivity in our center was 1.23%. Males and younger age group were found to be more affected probably due to horizontal transmission.
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