Background: Childhood and adolescent hypertension and pre-hypertension is important predictor of long term cardiovascular and neurological disorder. Hypertension may begin in adolescence, perhaps even in childhood. The aim of this study was to determine prevalence of high normal and elevated BP among school children and to assess associated risk factors. Materials and Methods: School going children aged between 11 to 18 years, of four schools were selected by purposive sampling method and blood pressure measurements were taken by mercury sphygmomanometer as per recommendation of American heart association. Hypertension is considered when blood pressure is more than 95 th percentile and prehypertension when blood pressure is between 90-95 th percentile after third reading. Results: Total prevalence of hypertension in our study was 5.36%. Hypertension in males was 5.37% and in females was 5.36%. Prevalence of pre-hypertension is more than hypertension. Total prevalence of pre-hypertension was 8.74%, in males it was slightly higher (10.35%) compare to females (7.14%). Prevalence of hypertension in obese was 24.07% against non-obese 5.56% (P <0.001). Obese female have higher prevalence of hypertension compare to male obese (29.62% Vs 18.62%). Conclusion: Prevalence of hypertension was 5.36% in the study subjects. Childhood obesity and parental hypertension was found to be significant association for childhood hypertension. Follow-up of children throughout school age makes possible taking of preventative measures and promotion of healthy life style.
Background: Clinical spectrum of cerebral palsy (CP) is different in developing and developed countries. We evaluated the clinical profile, etiological factors and co-morbidities of children with CP in central India. Methods: 50 children with CP came to the hospital in our rehabilitation center were compared with our previous study done in India and western countries. Results: Spastic quadriplegia is the commonest type of CP (90%). Birth asphyxia remains the main (48%) etiological factor. Prematurity was second most common (22%), Pre-eclamsia (10%), convulsions (10%), infection (8%) and pathological jaundice (8%) other important etiological factors. due to bilirubin-encephalopathy remained same (∼30%). Microcephaly (56%), Speech problems (34%), seizures (36%), auditory defect (8%) and visual defect (4%) are common co-morbidities. Common neuroimaging findings include cortical atrophy (50%), periventricular leukomalacia (12.5%) and developmental defect (12.5%). Conclusion: The spectrum of CP is evolving in the developing countries. Lack of proper antenatal and perinatal care, malnutrition and infections appeared to be the major factors for development of CP.
Almost one third of Indian population is having tubercular infection. Children always get infection from open cases of Tuberculosis. Associated malnutrition further increases intensity of tuberculosis. In this editorial we have discussed about current scenario of tuberculosis in India with special emphasis on children.
Perinatal Asphyxia is leading cause of Neonatal Mortality. Neurological manifestations are predominant in form of abnormal movement and seizures. It involves almost all body system but cardiac functions are not commonly studied.
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