BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Carotid webs may cause recurrent ischemic stroke. We describe the prevalence, demographics, clinical presentation, imaging features, histopathology, and stroke risk associated with this under-recognized lesion.

Background. Dyslipidemia is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). If detected and managed in the early stages of life, can reduce morbidity and mortality associated with CVD in a vulnerable population. Out of the 94 expatriate nationalities in Qatar, Indians constitute the most prominent single nationality, accounting for 21.8% of the total population (2,773,885 in 2019). This study aims to determine the status of the lipid profile among Indians in Qatar. Study Design. We conducted an observational retrospective study on lipid profile test data of Indian expatriates visiting a private healthcare facility in Qatar from Oct 17 to Oct 2018 to evaluate the gender and age-specific distribution of lipids and the prevalence of dyslipidemia. Results. Among the total 4483 Indian expatriates (3891 men and 592 women), the mean (SD) mg/dL levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were higher in men TC 196.9 (40.6), TG 168.9 (114.6), and LDL-C 122.9 (37.2) mg/dL compared to women TC 185 (38.1), TG 117.7 (78.2), and LDL-C 114.1 (31.1) mg/dL, p value < 0.0001. Utilizing predefined National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) limits to categorize dyslipidemias; the greater prevalence of elevated TC, TG, and LDL-C was noted in men 44.7%, 45.8%, and 40.9% than women 31.6%, 22%, and 28.7%, respectively. However, women had higher levels of mean high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) as 47.1 (9.8) mg/dL vs. 40.6 (8.3) mg/dL in men, p value < 0.05, the prevalence of dyslipidemia, low HDL-C was also more 65.7% vs. 48.9% in women than men. With age, men showed a declining trend while women showed a rising trend for mean lipid levels as well as for the prevalence of dyslipidemia, high TC, TG, and LDL-C ( p value < 0.0001). The mean HDL-C cholesterol increased, and the prevalence of dyslipidemia, low HDL-C decreased with age in both the genders. Conclusion. Our results demonstrate the higher mean lipid levels and prevalence of atherogenic dyslipidemia among Indian expatriate men than women counterparts at the younger age group. The screening programs and awareness campaigns must be initiated to prevent the early onset of dyslipidemia induced atherosclerosis leading to CVD. Future controlled studies are needed to estimate the prevalence of dyslipidemias among Indian migrants in Qatar.

Background: Hypothyroidism is an endocrine disorder resulting from deficiency of thyroid hormones, and Diabetes is a metabolic disorder that share the phenotype of hyperglycaemia. Both the endocrinopathies have been found to be associated with dyslipidaemia and atherosclerosis that result into various complications. Our aim was to assess the difference of dyslipidaemia in patients suffering from hypothyroidism with diabetes as compared to diabetes alone.Methods: Study was conducted in department of medicine in SGRDIMSR, Sri Amritsar. A total of 120 patients were enrolled for the present study, the one who presented to hospital from January 2018 to August 2019 diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type 2. The patients were divided into two groups. 60 patients having type 2 diabetes without hypothyroidism (control group). 60 patients having type 2 diabetes with hypothyroidism (study group). Fasting lipid profile were performed in both the groups and were analysed for the study.Results: Dyslipidaemia was seen more in study group as compared to control group with mean cholesterol of 488.3(±144.43) and mean triglyceride levels of 354.30(±128.57) in study  group as compared to control group with mean cholesterol and triglyceride levels of 179.7(±81.47) and 177.08(±118.18) with p-value of 0.001 and 0.01 respectively which were significant. Also, obesity and diabetic complication were more in patients of dual endocrinopathies as compared to diabetes alone which were also significant statistically.Conclusions: From our study it is concluded that type 2 diabetes with hypothyroidism causes more dyslipidaemia as compare to type 2 diabetes alone. So proper screening of thyroid profile of type 2 diabetic patients and its correction helps in achieving better lipidemic control which further prevent complications.

Introduction: Patients with PD often have non motor symptoms in addition to the motor manifestations of bradykinesia, rigidity and tremor. The NMSs are more often seen in patients with longer duration of disease. There is increasing realization that NMSs significantly contribute to the morbidity and increase the burden of the disease far beyond that caused by the classical motor symptoms. Material and methods: It was a cross sectional study conducted to assess the non-motor dysfunction in 60 patients with Parkinsonism including idiopathic Parkinson's disease and Parkinson plus syndrome who attended either the outdoor services, or were admitted in the Neurology ward of our tertiary care centre, PGIMER & Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi, India. Results: Out of 40 patients with Parkinson's disease, twenty-five (62.50%) were males and 15 (37.50%) were females with mean age of 55.02 (SD ±13.56) years. Among patients with MSA, six (66.70%) were male and 3 (33.33%) were female with mean age of 62.00 (SD ±11.38) years. Out of 40 patients with PD 19 (47.50%) had minimal depression, 12 (30%) mild depression, 7 (17.50%) moderate depression and 2 (5%) severe depression. Out of 20 patients with Parkinson plus Syndrome 12 (60%), 5 (25%), and 3 (15%) patients had minimal, mild and moderate depression. Conclusion: Parkinson's disease and Parkinson plus syndrome are group of sporadic, neurodegenerative diseases of the central nervous system. There are only a few reports about the frequency of neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with Parkinson disease from India and no such Indian report in patients with Parkinson plus syndrome