Introduction: Preterm birth is the leading cause of death in children younger than 5 yearsworldwide. Although preterm survival rates have increased in high-income countries, pretermnewborns still die because of a lack of adequate newborn care in many low-income and middle-income countries. This study was aimed to find out the effectiveness of anthropometricmeasurement, a simple and inexpensive method, for identifying premature babies at birth. Method:We conducted a cross-sectional study in a tertiary care hospital with 350 consecutively live-bornnewborns. Their birth weight, mid-arm circumference, length and head circumference weremeasured and compared with gestational age assessed by New Ballard score. We summarized thevariables using descriptive statistics, and the strength of association was determined throughcorrelation analysis. The correlation was strong for head circumference. Linear regression analysiswas done to develop predictive equations. Result: Amongst 350 newborns, 76% were term and24% were preterm. Pearson's correlation coefficient between gestational age as assessed by NewBallard score and head circumference, birth weight, mid-arm circumference and length all showed asignificant positive correlation in the decreasing order [maximum with head circumference (r =0.566)]. Linear regression analysis was done to develop predictive equations. Conclusion: Headcircumference measurement can be a surrogate marker to predict prematurity as a significantcorrelation is seen between it and gestational age assessed by the New Ballard score. Furtherstudies are needed to cross-validate our result.
Introduction: Skin diseases can adversely affect the quality of life of an individual. Adolescence is acritical time in biophysical development and adverse skin conditions during this period can alter thegrowth in self-confidence and self-esteem and social engagement. Purpose: The present study wasdesigned to assess the burden, the pattern of skin diseases and their impact on their quality of life inadolescent students. Materials and Methods: A total of 23 schools having 3581 students between10-16 years of age were visited, out of which 3367 students were covered and screened. Skincharacteristics such as the severity of skin disease were recorded by the attended physician. Adermatology life quality index (DLQI) questionnaire was used to assess the effect of skin diseases ontheir quality of life. Results: Among the total cases 2,783 (82%) had skin diseases, of the651(19%) had two or more 2 skin diseases. Prevalence of infectious skin diseases was more in (10-12) young age groups 78.5% as compared to (13-16) later age groups of 55.2% (p<0.01).Pediculosis (52%) has a high point of prevalence, followed by scabies (25%), Pityriasis alba (6.6%),Seborrheic dermatitis (5%), Pyoderma (3.3%), Acne (2.6%) and Tinea (2%). Pediculosis andscabies together constitute 77% of all skin diseases. Conclusion: Good hygiene practices likeregular bathing, regular head wash, and hand wash should be taught to children. Hence training ofschool teachers and PHC doctors regarding the management of common skin diseases and Healtheducation to parents or guardians of children about Hygienic measures, sexual behaviour and needof seeking medical advice.
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