The electrochemical
CO
2
reduction reaction (CO
2
RR) has attracted
considerable attention recently due to the potential
conversion of atmospheric CO
2
into useful organic products
by utilizing electricity from renewable energy sources. However, the
selective formation of desired products only via CO
2
RR
has been elusive due to the presence of a myriad of competing reaction
pathways, thus calling for effective strategies controlling the reaction
coordinates. The control of binding energies of the reaction intermediate,
such as *CO, is pivotal to manipulating reaction pathways, and various
attempts have been made to accomplish this goal. Herein, we introduce
recent endeavors to increase the catalytic selectivity of Cu-based
catalysts by surface modification with polymer coating, which can
change the local pH, hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity, reaction concentration,
etc. The polymer conjugation also contributed to the enhanced electrocatalytic
stability of Cu-based catalysts during the CO
2
RR. We also
point to the remaining challenges and provide perspectives on the
further development of Cu–polymer hybrid catalysts for the
practical CO
2
RR.
Previous studies have indicated that young students who play sports look up to professional athletes and perceive these athletes as their role models. However, empirical studies that examine such perceptions comprehensively have not been conducted. In order to fill this gap in the literature, the current study developed a multi-dimensional scale to measure college student athletes’ attitudes toward professional athlete role models. The eight-factor sports role model scale has 40 items. The results of this study indicate that student athletes observe and emulate the eight dimensions of their sports role model’s behavior on and off the court in order to become like that role model. Such findings support social learning theory in the sport management discipline.
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