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Volunteers are an integral human resource of most sporting events organizations in producing successful events. To sustain a volunteer workforce, building a sense of motivation, commitment, and intention to continue volunteering is one of the most important tasks of event organizations
and managers. The purpose of the study is to examine the relationships between motivations and commitment as predictors of volunteers' intentions to continue to volunteer for future sporting events. For this purpose, 163 individuals (males = 70; females = 93) who volunteered at the 2005 Life
Time Fitness Triathlon participated in a Web-based survey. The results revealed that Interpersonal Contacts, Love of Sport, and Personal Growth as volunteer motivation factors had a significant influence on the volunteers' commitment to the sporting event. The volunteers' Commitment
and motivations, Community Involvement, and Extrinsic Rewards were found to be important variables in predicting intentions to continue to volunteer for future sporting events as well. This article provides a better understanding of volunteers' motivations and their relationships
with commitment and intentions for sporting event managers in using the information with effective volunteer retention strategies.
We proposed and tested an extended model based on the theory of planned behavior to probe the mechanisms driving the purchase of counterfeit sporting goods (CSGs). Consumers (N = 333) in Taiwan completed surveys, and the results showed that subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and consumers' attitudes had a positive influence on purchase intention. In terms of extended variables, the results revealed no relationship between price-quality inference and consumers' attitudes, whereas risk averseness had a negative impact on consumers' attitudes. Differences were also found between the Internet and street vendors as purchase channels. These findings open a new direction for understanding CSGs purchasing behavior.
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