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2003) (disbarring lawyer for fraudulent billing, among other violations); In re Romansky, 938 A.2d 733, 735-36 (D.C. 2007) (suspending lawyer for negligently adding time to clients' bills to collect premium for desirable results); Fla. Bar v. Dougherty, 769 So. 2d 1027, 1027-28 (Fla. 2000) (per curiam) (disbarring lawyer who was convicted for wire fraud for overbilling a client); In re Beckner, 778 N.E.2d 806, 811 (Ind. 2002) (per curiam) (disbarring lawyer for fraudulent billing); Iowa Sup. Ct. Bd. of Prof'l Ethics & Conduct v. Tofflemire, 689 N.W.2d 83, 95 (Iowa 2004) (suspending lawyer for billing fraud); In re Miller, 147 P.3d 150, 156-57 (Kan. 2006) (per curiam) (suspending lawyer who fleeced the state workers' compensation fund through unreasonable billings); In re Myers, 127 P.3d 325, 328-29 (Kan. 2006) (per curiam) (censuring lawyer who billed in one hour minimum increments, even when doing less than an hour's work); In re Kellogg, 50 P.3d 57, 66 (Kan. 2002) (per curiam) (suspending lawyer for fraudulent billing);

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It is well known that green urban commons enhance mental and physical well-being and improve local biodiversity. We aim to investigate how these outcomes are related in an urban system and which variables are associated with better outcomes. We model the outcomes of an urban common—box gardening—by applying the Social-Ecological Systems (SES) framework. We expand the SES framework by analyzing it from the perspective of social evolution theory. The system was studied empirically through field inventories and questionnaires and modeled quantitatively by Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). This method offers powerful statistical models of complex social-ecological systems. Our results show that objectively evaluated ecological outcomes and self-perceived outcomes are decoupled: gardening groups that successfully govern the natural resource ecologically do not necessarily report many social, ecological, or individual benefits, and vice versa. Social capital, box location, gardener concerns, and starting year influenced the changes in the outcomes. In addition, the positive association of frequent interactions with higher self-perceived outcomes, and lack of such association with relatedness of group members suggests that reciprocity rather than kin selection explains cooperation. Our findings exemplify the importance of understanding natural resource systems at a very low “grassroot” level.