Four wells downgradient from a landfill near Elkhart, Indiana were sampled during 2000-2002 to evaluate the presence of waste-indicator and pharmaceutical compounds in landfill-leachate-affected ground water. Compounds detected in leachate-affected ground water included detergent metabolites (p-nonylphenol, nonylphenol monoethoxylate, nonylphenol diethoxylate, and octylphenol monoethoxylate), plasticizers (ethanol-2-butoxy-phosphate and diethylphthalate), a plastic monomer (bisphenol A), disinfectants (1,4-dichlorobenzene and triclosan), an antioxidant (5-methyl-1H-benzotriazole), three fire-retardant compounds (tributylphosphate and tri(2-chloroethyl)phosphate, and tri(dichlorisopropyl)phosphate), and several pharmaceuticals and metabolites (acetaminophen, caffeine, cotinine, 1,7-dimethylxanthine, fluoxetine, and ibuprofen). Acetaminophen, caffeine, and cotinine detections confirm prior indications of pharmaceutical and nicotinate disposal in the landfill.
TABLES
ContentsAltitude, as used in this report, refers to distance above or below sea level.
*Transmissivity:The standard unit for transmissivity is cubic foot per day per square foot times foot of aquifer thickness [(ft3/d)/ft2]ft. In this report, the mathematically reduced form, foot squared per day (ft2/d), is used for convenience.
**Hydraulic conductivity:The standard unit for hydraulic conductivity is cubic foot per day per >j fj square foot of aquifer cross-sectional area (ft /d)/fr. In this report, the mathematically reduced form, foot per day (ft/d), is used for convenience.Specific conductance is given in microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius (|XS/cm at 25 °C) or millisiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius (mS/cm at 25 °C).Concentrations of chemical constituents in water are given either in milligrams per liter (mg/L) or micrograms perOxidation-reduction potential (Eh) is given in millivolts (mv).
Abbreviated water-quality units used in this report: Chemical concentration is given in metric units. Chemical concentration is given in micrograms per liter (jig/L). Micrograms per liter is a unit expressing the concentration of chemical constituents in solution as weight (micrograms) of solute per unit volume (liter) of water. One thousand micrograms per liter is equivalent to one milligram per liter (mg/L).
*Transmissivity:The standard unit for transmissivity is cubic foot per day per square foot times foot of aquifer thickness [(ft3/d)/ft2]ft. In this report, the mathematically reduced form, foot squared per day (ft2/d), is used for convenience.
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