ResumoEntre os aços inoxidáveis, os austeníticos podem ser considerados os de melhor soldabilidade e de maior aplicação na indústria. No entanto, as propriedades desses aços podem ser facilmente degradadas em operações de soldagem ou em serviço. As trincas de solidifi cação podem ser controladas através da presença comedida de ferrita delta no depósito, fato que é amplamente discutido na literatura. No entanto, raramente se discute a presença da ferrita nos metais de base, uma vez que os aços inoxidáveis austeníticos solubilizados e temperados deveriam apresentar apenas traços dessa fase. Componentes forjados em inoxidáveis austeníticos têm apresentado quantidades elevadas de ferrita , chegando mesmo, em alguns casos, a apresentar precipitados de fases intermetálicas, trazendo sérias implicações na fabricação de equipamentos e tubulações. Nesse trabalho, é apresentado um estudo de caso onde a presença de ferrita e precipitados intermetálicos, particularmente a fase , tornaram impraticável a aplicação de fl anges forjados de aço ASTM A182 F 317L em plantas de processo. Palavras-chave:
Underground heated oil transportation within the processes of Petrobras/Transpetro is a critical issue because of the need to maintain the temperature of the oil in the pipeline network from the point of origin to destination with as little heat loss as possible. Insulated pipelines using polyurethane rigid foams as insulation have been used for many years for this transportation process. However, instrumentation inspections have shown a severe external corrosion process in some insulated pipelines after a number of years in operation. Due to the extent of the insulated pipeline network in Brazil, this kind of problem was possible to identify only after some leakage emergencies. After a deeper investigation in the field it was verified that the pipe protection and insulation system was not adequate for avoiding the corrosion process. In order to prevent and avoid any greater damage to the environment and mainly to the communities living around these underground pipeline zones, a quick review of the entire methodology was necessary. The focus of this article is to describe the identification of this corrosion problem by field experiences and the solution found by adapting the EN 253 norm for pre-insulated bonded pipe systems for underground hot water networks.
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