Population growth has brought an increase in energy demand and cost that has a meaningful impact on personal and government expenses. In this respect, governments attach importance to investments in renewable energy resources (RER), which are a sustainable and clean energy source. However, the unpredictable characteristics of RER are a major problem for these clean sources and RER need auxiliary assets. Battery energy storage systems (BESS) are one of the promising solutions for these issues. Due to the high investment cost of BESS, governments act cautiously about accepting and implementing BESS in their power network. Recently, with the improvement of technology, the cost of BESS has been reduced, and therefore battery technologies have begun to be applied to conventional systems. In this study, first, we will review and discuss the current globally state-of-the-art BESS and their applications. Later, attention will be turned to a country-specific study for Turkey.
A matrix method of keeping track of particle concentrations in ductwork systems is developed. In this method the particle accumulating characteristics of a ductwork component are represented by a particle accumulation matrix, which when multiplied by the matrix representing the inlet concentration distribution yields the outlet concentration distribution. The method can incorporate simplified models based on Stoke's law or detailed trajectory calculations to derive the component accumulation characteristics or can use measured inlet and outlet distributions. An application to a coal-fired utility experiencing both induced draft fan and scrubber booster fan erosion problems is presented as an illustration.
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