The present investigation was designed to study the effect of an active compound isolated from Justicia wynaadensis against multi drug resistant organisms (MDRO's) associated with diabetic patients. The drug resistant pathogens implicated in wound and urinary tract infection of diabetic patients were isolated and identified by molecular sequencing. Solvent–solvent fractionation of crude methanol extract produced hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol–water fraction, among which chloroform fraction was found to be potent when compared with other three fractions. Further, chloroform fraction was subjected to preparatory HPLC (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography), that produced four sub-fractions; chloroform HPLC fraction 1 (CHF1) through CHF4. Among the sub-fractions, CHF1 inhibited the pathogens effectively in comparison to other three sub-fractions. The purity of CHF1 was found to be >95%. Therefore, CHF1 was further characterized by NMR and FTIR analysis and based on the structure elucidated, the compound was found to be 3,3′,4′-Trihydroxyflavone. The effective dose of this bioactive compound ranged from 32 μg/mL to 1.2 mg/mL. Thus, the present study shows that 3,3′,4′-Trihydroxyflavone isolated from J. wynaadensis is an interesting biopharmaceutical agent and could be considered as a source of antimicrobial agent for the treatment of various infections and used as a template molecule for future drug development.

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Colorectal cancer, also known as bowel or colon cancer is associated with colon or rectum sections of the intestine. Globally, more than 1 million people are affected by colorectal cancer every year and have been the cause for death in about 715,000 in 2010. As of 2012, it is the second most common cause of cancer in women (9.2% of diagnoses) and the third most common in men (10.0%). It also accounts for the fourth most common cause of cancer death after lung, stomach, and liver cancer. Colorectal cancer develops mostly during aging and as a reason of increasing lifestyle disorders as well as rarely through genetic heredity. Hence, this grows immense interest in the diagnosis, cure, genetic counseling and general awareness about the disease. Surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy, either individually or carried out in conjecture, seems to be the best treatment for the disease. Assessment of risk factors is very important in the early detection of the disease. This review aims to compile broadly the available knowledge on the causes of colorectal cancer, the methods for prevention, therapy or treatment of the disease and the guidelines for genetic counseling and general awareness. It also helps in understanding the risk factors in the development of disease.

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