Abstract. Thirty of 200 (15%) hatchling inland bearded dragons were found dead after a short period (48 hours) of weakness and lethargy. The most common clinical signs were head tilt and circling. Six bearded dragons with neurological signs were euthanized, and postmortem examination revealed no gross abnormalities. Microscopically, severe, randomly distributed hepatocellular necrosis with large basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies in numerous hepatocytes was noted. Small-intestinal enterocytes contained intracytoplasmic coccidial protozoa (Isospora sp.) and occasional enterocytes had basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies. Transmission electron microscopy revealed both 80-and 20-nm-diameter viral particles, which were consistent with adenoviruses and dependoviruses, respectively. Adenoviral outbreaks in groups of animals are uncommon. An adverse synergistic effect of the coccidiosis with the adenoviral infection may have played a critical role in the high morbidity and mortality in this case.Adenoviruses (Family Adenoviridae) are well-known pathogens in several mammalian and avian species. Adenoviruses are double-stranded DNA viruses, 70-90 nm in diameter, and have a characteristic nonenveloped, icosahedral structure. Generally, adenoviruses are host specific and are transmitted by the fecal-oral route or direct contact via oronasal secretions. Often, mammalian infections are subclinical, except for infectious canine hepatitis. Adenoviral disease generally occurs in immunocompromised or young animals. Outbreaks in groups of animals are uncommon. Recently, adenoviral infections also have been reported in several reptilian species, including crocodiles, snakes, and lizards. 3,4,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12]15,16 The Australian inland bearded dragon, Pogona vitticeps (Pogon: bearded in Greek), is one of the most popular reptiles in the pet trade. Two isolated cases of adenoviral infection in 4 neonatal inland bearded dragons have been reported, but the infections were limited mainly to the individuals affected. 10 No outbreak of adenoviral infection in a group of reptiles has been reported. This report describes an outbreak of adenoviral infection in a group of captive-bred inland bearded dragon hatchlings coinfected with dependovirus and Isospora sp. coccidia.Two hundred hatchling captive-bred inland bearded dragons, which had been purchased at different times by a reptile importer from different captive breeding populations, were placed in a holding facility. The ages of the dragons were uncertain; however, based on their weight (Ͻ5 g), the estimate age was less than 1 month. The bearded dragons were maintained at an environmental temperature of 29-32 C and were fed commercially obtained crickets and lettuce. Thirty of the 200 (15%) bearded dragons were found dead after a short period (48 hours) of weakness and lethargy. The most common clinical signs were head tilt and circling. Physical examination of tympanic bullae revealed no significant findings. Six of the bearded dragons with neurological signs were eut...

Abstract. Two quadrigeminal arachnoid cysts with different pathogenesis are described in 2 different species. A 10-week-old male Persian kitten with a progressively decreasing level of consciousness died spontaneously. At necropsy, mild internal hydrocephalus, caudal cerebellar coning, and cerebellar herniation through the foramen magnum were associated with a congenital quadrigeminal arachnoid cyst compressing the rostral cerebellum and shifting the entire cerebellum caudally. In contrast, a possibly acquired quadrigeminal cyst was observed in a 2-year-old male neutered Yorkshire Terrier in association with necrotizing encephalitis. Quadrigeminal arachnoid cysts have been rarely reported in dogs and humans.

A mature bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) was diagnosed with mycobacterial infection after being presented for an inability to fly, emaciation, and a swelling of the left tibiotarsal-tarso metatarsal joint. Results of a complete blood cell count revealed a persistent, marked leukocytosis, with heterophilia, monocytosis, and anemia. Radiographs revealed lysis of the left distal tibiotarsus and soft-tissue swelling around the left tibiotarsal-tarsometatarsal joint, multiple pulmonary opacities, and an enlarged liver. Endoscopic evaluation and biopsy of caseated material within the left caudal coelom revealed acid-fast organisms. The eagle was euthanatized, and results of necropsy and histologic evaluation revealed caseated granulomas of the intestine, lungs, air sacs, and subcutaneous regions of the hock. Results of culture, a polymerase chain reaction testing, and direct deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequencing for mycobacterial 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid DNA determined this organism most likely to be Mycobacterium avium.

A 7-year-old female German Shepherd Dog was presented with multiple petechiae and ecchymoses along the ventral abdomen, flank, and on the vaginal mucosa. The clinical diagnosis was severe hemoperitoneum and presumed disseminated intravascular coagulopathy. Postmortem examination revealed a 22 cm × 15 cm × 6 cm, firm, and convoluted peritoneal mass along with hemoperitoneum, and multifocal, ill-defined, 0.5-1.5 cm in diameter, white to tan nodules in the pulmonary parenchyma. Histologically, the peritoneal mass was composed of large anaplastic cells consistent with malignant mesothelioma interspersed in abundant fibrous connective tissue. Metastasis of the neoplastic cells occurred to the brain, adrenal glands, lymph nodes, and lungs. On immunohistochemical evaluation, neoplastic cells coexpressed cytokeratin and vimentin, and were negative for cluster of differentiation (CD)18. Electron microscopy revealed numerous surface microvilli around the entire circumference of the neoplastic cells, as well as tight junctions, and desmosome-like structures. Based on test findings, a disseminated sclerosing peritoneal mesothelioma was diagnosed.

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