), were useful in discriminating among educational majors and career aspirations for 312 Taiwanese university students. The Big Five and confidence, in combination, significantly differentiated among 4 college majors and 7 career aspirations in a Taiwanese university sample. Big Five Agreeableness and SCI Realistic, Investigative, and Conventional confidence emerged as most salient in the discrimination. Differences by sex, major, and career aspiration were mostly consistent with social cognitive career theory, Holland's theory, and prior U.S. research.

Broken trust, broken hearts, and broken spirits: these are all potential issues facing clients who have been hurt by others. Some have claimed that helping clients explicitly forgive those who have hurt them is a legitimate therapeutic intervention. However, do clients need explicit forgiveness interventions? Do clients want them? After they are received, are these interventions helpful? For the majority of 59 clients from 3 university counseling centers the answers were mostly affirmative. They had experienced a hurt that they wanted to forgive and wanted to talk about in therapy. Those who talked explicitly about forgiveness reported more overall improvement in their presenting symptoms. Implications for using explicit forgiveness interventions with clients are discussed.

The purpose of this study is to examine the role of personality traits measured by the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire (MPQ; Tellegen, 2000 andTellegen and Waller, 2008) in selecting educational majors. Personality traits were examined alone, and with the combination of Holland's hexagonal confidence domains, as measured by the general confidence themes (GCT) of the Skills Confidence Inventory (SCI; Betz, Borgen, & Harmon, 2005), and Holland's interest domains, as measured by the general occupational themes (GOTs) of the 2005 Strong Interest Inventory (SII; Donnay, Morris, Schaubhut, & Thompson, 2005). Personality traits significantly contributed to the discrimination of nine educational major families in a sample of 368 undergraduate decided students. When the set of confidence and interest scales was added to the personality traits, the conservative jack knife hit rate was almost doubled. Keywordsconfidence, self-efficacy, personality traits, interests, college major, MPQ, Choice actions Disciplines Educational Psychology | Higher Education | Industrial and Organizational Psychology | Personality and Social ContextsComments NOTICE: this is the author's version of a work that was accepted for publication in Journal of Vocational Behavior. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Journal of Vocational Behavior, [76, 2 (2010) Running head: Personality, Self-efficacy, and Interests 1 NOTICE: this is the author's version of a work that was accepted for publication in Journal of Vocational Behavior. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. Personality, self-efficacy, and interests 2 AbstractThe purpose of this study is to examine the role of personality traits measured by the Multidimensional

This study is the first to examine the equivalence of the 2005 Strong Interest Inventory with the 1994 Strong. The authors examine the parallel content scales of the two versions for female and male college students separately ( n = 622). The scales include the six General Occupational Themes (GOTs), 22 of the 25 Basic Interest Scales (BISs) of the 1994 Strong, and four of the Personal Style Scales (PSSs). The mean differences between the two Strongs were mostly within .5 of a standard deviation (Cohen's d < .5). There was a pattern of slightly higher means on the 2005 Strong, possibly because of the 2005 Strong standardization sample compares to the 1994 norm group, being more ethnically diverse, less educated, and more representative of the 2000 U.S. Census. The correlations of the 1994 and 2005 content scales were ≥ .85 for the GOTs and PSSs, except for the Risk Taking/Adventure PSS. The 1994 and 2005 analoged US BIS correlations ranged from .64 to .97. The effect sizes for sex were comparable across versions.

The first purpose was to determine if overall gender differences in basic confidence as measured by the Expanded Skills Confidence Inventory (ESCI) and basic interests as measured by the 2005 Strong Interest Inventory (SII) would be present within eight college major families. As expected, anticipated overall gender differences in confidence and interests concerning realistic and conventional activities were visible within the major families as well. The second purpose was to determine whether basic domains of confidence and interests would differentially discriminate among the eight major families differentially for 171 male and 176 female college students. When confidence and interests were examined separately, the set of confidence predictors and the set of interest predictors significantly differentiated among college majors for both men and women. When confidence and interests were combined together as two sets of predictors, the hit rate was a significant improvement over the hit rate for the confidence set of predictors alone for both women and men. As anticipated, group centroids and structure matrices varied across men and women.