The Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research (KSTAR)
project is the major effort of the national fusion programme of the Republic of Korea. Its aim is
to develop a steady state capable advanced superconducting tokamak to
establish a scientific and technological basis for an attractive fusion
reactor. The major parameters of the tokamak are: major radius 1.8 m, minor
radius 0.5 m, toroidal field 3.5 T and plasma current 2 MA, with a
strongly shaped plasma cross-section and double null divertor. The initial
pulse length provided by the poloidal magnet system is 20 s, but the pulse
length can be increased to 300 s through non-inductive current drive. The
plasma heating and current drive system consists of neutral beams,
ion cyclotron waves, lower hybrid waves and electron cyclotron waves for
flexible profile control in advanced tokamak operating modes. A
comprehensive set of diagnostics is planned for plasma control,
performance evaluation and physics understanding. The project has
completed its conceptual design and moved to the engineering design and
construction phase. The target date for the first plasma is 2002.
In this study, the two-phase pressure drop of a one-side heated swirl tube (twist ratio=3, 5) was experimentally studied. If the a heat flux is gradually increased, the vapor blocks the flow path, thus leading to an increase in the differential pressure. As the inset sub-cooling and mass flow rate increase, the vapor is removed by condensation more rapidly, and thus, the rate of increase of differential pressure is reduced. From the evaluation of the prediction performance of the existing two-phase pressure drop correlations, it was found that the mean error rates of all correlations exceeded 50%. This is because most of the existing correlations were not developed based on the microchannel, but they were not focused on the swirl tube. Therefore, the authors developed a new two-phase pressure drop multiplier correlation for a one-side heated swirl tube that reflects the effect of the twist tape by modifying the Manglick single-phase swirl tube pressure drop correlation using the AI regression method.
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