In order to realize the construction of environmentally friendly potassium sodium niobate ceramic coating on metal surface, potassium sodium niobate ceramic coating was prepared by supersonic plasma spraying technology. The morphology, element extension and phase structure of such coating were investigated. The dielectric and ferroelectric properties were also analyzed. The results show that the coating has good quality and tetragonal phase structure. When test frequency ≥ 2 MHz, the dielectric constant is stable at about 300, and also dielectric loss is stable at about 0.05. The coating exhibits good hysteresis loops under different applied electric fields. When the applied electric field is 16 KV/cm, residual polarization value of as-prepared coating reaches 17.02 μC·cm−2.
High-temperature resistant high-entropy alloys (HEAs) have attracted extensive attention due to their excellent thermodynamic stability and mechanical properties, especially at high temperatures. However, a highly effective method for large-size HEAs is still desirable but challengeable. This research reported a facile yet effective strategy for MoNbTaWTi HEAs via in-situ wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM). The wire was MoNbTaWTi cable-type welding wire (CTWW) consisting of one center wire and seven twisted peripheral wires. Then, additive manufacturing of MoNbTaWTi high entropy alloys (HEAs) was accomplished, and various analytical techniques studied the microstructures and mechanical properties of the overlaying formed layers. X-ray diffraction showed the overlaying formed layers to contain a single disordered BCC solid solution phase with high-temperature structural stability. In addition, the single-phase BCC structure was maintained from 0 to 1400 °C. The bottom of the overlaying formed layers was made of columnar cellular structure, and the upper part resembled “cauliflower-like” fine dendrite and equiaxed crystal structure. The hardness of the overlaying formed layers averaged 533 HV0.2 at room temperature. At 1000 °C, the hardness was around 110 HV1, close to the value of Inconel 718 alloy (125 HV1). The compressive strength of the overlaying formed alloy layers displayed no sensitivity towards change in temperature from 500 to 1000 °C. As the temperature rose from 500 to 1000 °C, the compressive strength changed from 629 to 602 MPa, equivalent to only a 27 MPa decrease. The latter was much higher than the strength of Inconel 718 alloy at the same temperature (200 MPa).
Thermal control coating is an important means of ensuring that a spacecraft remains operational at high temperatures. Due to limitations regarding preparation technology and material properties, the mechanical properties of the conventional thermal control coatings still need to be improved. To solve this problem, nanostructured alumina coatings (NCs) and conventional alumina coatings (CCs) were prepared using plasma-spraying technology. The microscopic morphology, phase structure, hardness, and thermal control properties (solar absorptance (αs) and emissivity (ε)) of the nanostructured alumina coatings were investigated and compared with those of conventional alumina coatings. The results show that the NC has a higher hardness value (1168.8 HV) and that its reflectivity exceeds 75% in the wavelength range of 446–1586 nm, while a high degree of emissivity of 0.863–0.87 is still maintained at 300–393 K. Furthermore, the results show that these highly reflective properties are related to the phase composition and internal micromorphology of the NC, whereby the solar absorption of the coating is reduced due to the increase in the alpha phase content (21.4%), the high porosity (5.21%) and the nanoparticles favoring the internal scattering. All these properties can improve the performance of this CC coating with low solar absorptance (αs) and high emissivity (ε).
Because the threshing device of a combine harvester determines the harvesting level and threshing separation performance of a combine harvester, the analysis and study of the threshing device of a combine harvester is key to improving its performance. Based on the threshing device of a half-feed combine harvester, the simulation model of a discrete element threshing device is established in this paper. With the threshing drum rotation speed, feed volume, and concave sieve vibration frequency as the variable factors, the BP neural network model and linear regression equation model established for the loss rate and impurity content for two kinds of threshing performance indicators, respectively, and through the discrete element threshing performance test, two kinds of methods of threshing performance prediction are analyzed. The results show that the neural network and linear regression can be used for the threshing performance indicators, however, the BP neural network prediction effect has a better prediction precision, better reliability, and the trained neural network can be used in the general case of the threshing performance indicators. This provides a new idea for improving the threshing performance of a combine harvester.
The complicated severe accident phenomena in typical Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) Generation III may have a strong influence on source term release into environment and radiological consequence. The study on sensitivity analysis is beneficial to the identification of important factors in severe accident source term analysis and the quantification of their impact. ASTEC, the integral code of severe accident analysis developed by IRSN, is used to analyze the sensitivity of key parameters of severe accident source term for typical PWR Generation III, with the simulation of safety systems and source term phenomena, in the representative sequence with fast accident progression, Large Break Loss of Coolant Accident (LBLOCA). With the consideration of the design features of typical PWR Generation III and research status of severe accident source term, the key parameters for sensitivity analysis are identified and selected based on the whole process of radionuclides release, including gaseous iodine mass release fraction from primary circuit to containment, silver iodide reaction, dose rate and pH value in sump, washing effect, etc. The sensitivity is quantified by iodine release mass to containment, which is one of the most dangerous radionuclides due to its threat to environment and human thyroid after inhalation and ingestion. The gaseous iodine mass release fraction from primary circuit to containment, silver iodide reaction and washing effect are presented in results as the major contributors to the variation of severe accident source term evaluation.
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