To accommodate surplus electricity and decarbonize, power-to-gas (PtG) is being widely considered in the integrated energy system with high proportion of renewable energy. However, the reaction model of PtG should be refined for the sake of making a precise operation strategy and economic evaluation. Compared with the ordinary model of power-to-gas process, this article makes two main improvements. First, an explicit expression of electrolytic process is given according to the usage of electricity. In the refined electrolytic model, the recovery of the extra heat in the electrolytic process and the compression of feed-in gas is explored. Second, the response model of the methanation process to the intermittency of the renewable energy is established. Considering the increasing coupling of power system and water network, we formulate a day-ahead scheduling program for an integrated power and water system (IPWS). Thus, the role of double regulation of power-to-gas is more noticeable. Finally, the accuracy and economical performance of the refined model of power-to-gas is demonstrated through case studies. The results show a significant body of recoverable extra heat reaching 26.6% of the total power consumption. Also, it shows a dramatic growth in PtG's consumption by 61.9% considering compression consumption. Moreover, the information gap decision theory (IGDT) is applied in the unit commitment scheme. Based on IGDT, the impact of the renewable energy uncertainty on the decision-making of IPWS operator is discussed.
Gas has become the main fuel for electricity production as a result of the significant growth in gas‐fired units (GFU), which can lead to a shortage of supply gas for power generation. Meanwhile, there is a higher chance of power mismatch due to the rising penetration of renewable energy in the power system. Considering that power system and gas natural network are increasingly interdependent under more coupling elements, such as power‐to‐gas (PtG) and GFU, cascading failures will occur more often if demand mismatch is not dealt with efficiently. To explore the potential of PtG and GFU to enhance the flexibility of the integrated power and gas system (IPGS), the collaborative load shifting effect (LSE) of them is researched. Therefore, this article contributes a two‐stage robust energy scheduling model that considers the LSE of PtG and GFU on the electric and gas demand side. Simplifying the dual process in the max–min optimization, this article applies a modified Benders decomposition methodology introducing virtual balance to solve the model. Also, the LSE of PtG and GFU is demonstrated in the form of security region (SR) in the case study. Based on the proposed load uniformity level (LUL) index, the results show that GFU and PtG are mainly involved in the load shifting in the power system, and PtG prefers to work when load shifting level is high. As a result, the equipment of PtG and GFU increases the SR by 40.9% and 14.3%, respectively. Moreover, the impact of the fluctuation of wind power on the IPGS, especially on the natural gas network (NGN), is validated through the reduction of the load shifting range by 5%.
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