No abstract

This paper reviews the NTIRE 2020 challenge on real image denoising with focus on the newly introduced dataset, the proposed methods and their results. The challenge is a new version of the previous NTIRE 2019 challenge on real image denoising that was based on the SIDD benchmark. This challenge is based on a newly collected validation and testing image datasets, and hence, named SIDD+. This challenge has two tracks for quantitatively evaluating image denoising performance in (1) the Bayer-pattern rawRGB and (2) the standard RGB (sRGB) color spaces. Each track ∼250 registered participants. A total of 22 teams, proposing 24 methods, competed in the final phase of the challenge. The proposed methods by the participating teams represent the current state-of-the-art performance in image denoising targeting real noisy images. The newly collected SIDD+ datasets are publicly available at: https://bit.ly/siddplus_data. A. Abdelhamed (kamel@eecs.yorku.ca, York University), M. Afifi, R. Timofte, and M.S. Brown are the NTIRE 2020 challenge organizers, while the other authors participated in the challenge. Appendix A contains the authors' teams and affiliations. NTIRE webpage: arXiv:2005.04117v1 [cs.CV] 8 May 2020

There was a significant correlation, but only moderate agreement, between FeNO values measured with the NIOX MINO and those measured with the NOA280i, with the NIOX MINO values being significantly lower than the NOA280i values. Significant differences in FeNO values obtained with these two NO analyzers should be considered when interpreting the results of FeNO measurements.

Background/Aims: Adjuvant chemotherapy is the standard of care for resected stage II-IIIA non-small cell lung cancer (NCSLC). The efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy in stage IB (<4 cm) NSCLC with high-risk factors is controversial. Methods: This retrospective multicenter study included 285 stage IB NSCLC patients with high-risk factors according to the 8 th edition Tumor, Node, Metastasis classification from four academic hospitals. High-risk factors included visceral pleural invasion, vascular invasion, lymphatic invasion, lung neuroendocrine tumors, and micropapillary histology patterns. Results: Of the 285 patients, 127 (44.6%) were included in the adjuvant chemotherapy group and 158 (55.4%) were included in the non-adjuvant chemotherapy group. The median follow-up was 41.5 months. Patients in the adjuvant chemotherapy group had a significantly reduced recurrence rate and risk of mortality than those in the non-adjuvant chemotherapy group (hazards ratio, 0.408; 95% confidence interval, 0.221-0.754; P = 0.004 and hazards ratio, 0.176; 95% confidence interval, 0.057-0.546; P = 0.003, respectively). Adjuvant chemotherapy should be particularly considered for the highrisk factors such as visceral pleural involvement or vascular invasion. Based on the subgroup analysis, adjuvant chemotherapy should be considered when visceral pleural involvement is present, even if the tumor size is <3 cm. Conclusions: Adjuvant chemotherapy may be useful for patients with stage IB NSCLC with high-risk factors and is more relevant for patients with visceral pleural involvement or vascular invasion.

Background & aimsElastography point quantification is a convenient method for measuring liver stiffness. It can be performed simultaneously with conventional ultrasonography. This study aimed to evaluate its diagnostic performance for assessing hepatic fibrosis in patients with autoimmune liver disease (AILD), including autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and primary biliary cholangitis (PBC).MethodsThe diagnostic performance of elastography point quantification (ElastPQ) was evaluated and compared with that of serum fibrosis markers, including the aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI) and fibrosis-4 (FIB-4), using the receiver operating characteristics analysis with histologic evaluation as the reference standard.ResultsIn 49 AIH patients, sensitivity and specificity of ElastPQ were 93.6% and 44.4%, respectively, for significant fibrosis (≥ F2, cutoff 4.47 kPa), and 63.6% and 86.8% for cirrhosis (F4, cutoff 9.28 kPa). In 41 PBC patients, they were 81.8% and 73.3%, respectively, for significant fibrosis (≥ F2, cutoff 5.56 kPa), and 100% and 81.6%, respectively, for advanced fibrosis (≥ F3, cutoff 6.04 kPa). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves of ElastPQ for significant fibrosis (0.77, 95% CI 0.67–0.86) and cirrhosis (0.81, 95% CI 0.65–0.96) were higher than those of APRI and FIB-4 in AILD patients. According to the multivariable analysis, histological activity, steatosis, and body max index (BMI) were not significant factors that influenced the result of ElastPQ.ConclusionsElastPQ exhibited better diagnostic performance–without the influence of confounding factors–for assessing hepatic fibrosis in AILD patients than serum fibrosis markers.