Agricultural eco-efficiency (AEE) emphasizes the unification of agriculture production efficiency and environmental benefits. It is an important indicator to measure agriculture's high-quality and sustainable development. Therefore, improving agricultural ecological efficiency is the key to achieving high-quality and sustainable agricultural development. The work uses the EBM-Super-ML method with strong disposability of undesired output to calculate the AEE and further in-depth the spatial-temporal differences driving factors and promotion potential of AEE. The result shows that the overall average value of China's AEE is increasing and has substantial regional heterogeneity. From the analysis of the improvement potential of agricultural ecological efficiency, the mean value of output inefficiency is 0.05, and input inefficiency is 0.07. Among the undesired output, the emission reduction ratio of the agricultural film can reach up to 40%. Among the input elements, the potential for intensive use of labor input is the largest, the average value in the eastern region is relatively high. The input intensity coefficient of agricultural machinery is negative, so the utilization rate of machinery and equipment should be increased. Based on this, the paper put forward some policy recommendations to improve agriculture's high-quality, sustainable development and the AEE.
Agricultural eco-efficiency is an important indicator used to measure agriculture’s high-quality and sustainable development. Therefore, this paper uses the EBM-Super-ML method with strong disposability of undesired output to calculate Chinese agricultural eco-efficiency and uses a geographical detector to measure the driving force of the factor. The research conclusions are mainly reflected in three aspects. Firstly, from the perspective of eco-efficiency changes, the overall mean value of agricultural eco-efficiency increased by 3.5%, and the regional heterogeneity is significant, with the fastest growth in the eastern region. Secondly, the results of driving force analysis show that the main driving factors of agricultural eco-efficiency divergence are capital inputs, total carbon emissions, labor inputs, agricultural film residues, fertilizer use, and pesticide residues, with driving forces of 0.43, 0.37, 0.34, 0.31, 0.28, and 0.20, respectively. Finally, from the perspective of eco-efficiency improvement potential, the mean value of output improvement potential is 5%, and the input factor is 7%. Among the non-desired outputs, the reduction rate of agricultural films can reach 40%. Among the input factors, labor input has the highest potential for intensive use, while agricultural machinery has a negative effect. Therefore, strengthening the development of the agricultural service industry is of great significance to improve the utilization rate of mechanical equipment and reduce the undesired output of agriculture.
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