Titanium containing compoundsare valuable materials for addition to the blast furnace to extend operationa] campaigns. However, the addition of these materials via the sinter plant has been knownto create problems, This study investigates the effect of adding a titanomagnetite to two sintering ore blends, containing 10 and 20'/• pisolitic limonite respectively. The addition of up to 2•/• titanomagnetite did not affect the sintering parameters or sinter quality. Increasing the titanomagnetite levels to greater than 3•1-also had no significant influence on sintering but a significant deterioration in sinter RDI was recorded. Resu Its also showed that the deterioration in RDIwas greater for the blend containing more pisolitic limonite. SEM studies carried out on the product sinters found most of the titanium in the glass phase. The mechanical properties of the glass was characterised using indentation fracture mechanics. Although some difficult was experienced, due to the small and disperse nature of the glass, addition studies using artifically manufactured glass indicated that the fracture toughness of the glass decreased with increasing titanium levels, It is postulated that becauseglass in the weakest phase in sinter and is widely dispersed any reduction in its fracture toughness will increase the vulnerability of the sinter to crack propagation, thereby increasing sinter RDl. It is also postulated that increasing the pisolitic level increased melt formation and the dispersion of the glass phase, resulting in a further deterioration in sinter RDI. Titanium-bearing minerals are commonly introduced into blast furnaces to protect the hearth and, consequently , extended operating campaign life. I '2) Themech-anism whereby this is achieved is thought to involve the formation of complex titano carbonitrides, of very high melting points, which precipitate out in the cooler areas of the hearth, i.e. areas with greatest heat loss, as additional refractory.3 ~ 5) Generally, the amount of titanium added would depend on the condition of the hearth. Typical values would be between 4 and 7 kg per tonne of hot metal, but levels of up to 20 kg per tonne have been used in blast furnaces with severe hearth problems. Studies have shown that only the titanium present in the hot metal would react with the carbon and nitrogen to form the complex titanocarbonitrides. The addedtitanium would partition itself between the slag and the hot metal, with higher levels in the hot metal at low titanium additions.6) These are a numberof titanium containing materials that can be used as a source of titanium for the blast furnace. The main ones are ilmenite and, titanomagnetites and Sorel flux. The two natural materials are generally available as beneficiated products and, consequently, have fine particle size distributions. Unlike Sorel flux which is usually charged directly into the blast furnace, the most appropriate methodof introducing ilmenite and titanomagnetites would be via the sinter plant, as a sinter mix component, rather than as a s...
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