Biopolymers from soy protein isolate (SPI) crosslinked with glutaraldehyde (GA) were prepared. Surface hydrophobicities of SPI-GA biopolymers and SPI were 4.4 and 11.5, respectively. The solubility profile of SPI was slightly higher than that of SPI-GA biopolymers. Foaming capacities of SPI-GA biopolymers (23 mL) were higher than that of SPI (19 mL), but similar to egg white (22 mL). Foaming stabilities of SPI-GA biopolymers (120 min) were significantly higher than those of SPI (40 min) and egg white (98 min). The emulsifying properties of SPI-GA biopolymers were lower than those of SPI and bovine serum albumin (P > 0.05). Tensile strength (TS) and elongation at break (ETB) of SPI-GA biopolymer films were significantly higher than those of glycerol-plasticized soy protein films. TS and ETB of SPI-GA biopolymer films increased with increasing GA concentrations. GA treatment intensified yellowness of SPI-GA biopolymer films. SPI-GA biopolymers may have potential use for biodegradable packaging materials.
This study was investigated the bactericidal effects of calcium oxide (CaO) on three common foodborne pathogenic bacteria: Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella typhimurium. Each bacteria level was determined in a CaO solution (0.01, 0.03, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20% [w/v]) exposed for either 15 sec, 30 sec, 1 min, 2 min, 3 min, 5 min, 10 min, or 30 min. All three bacteria were not greatly affected by CaO solutions at concentrations of 0.01 and 0.03%, however, the decline of E. coli (99%; 2.78 log10 CFU/mL), L. monocytogens (45%; 1.44 log10 CFU/mL), and S. typhimurium (70%; 2.08 log10 CFU/mL) was greatest when they were exposed to 0.05% CaO solution for 10 min. Moreover, the bactericidal action of CaO was maintained for at least 24 h of storage. The results of this study provide evidence that CaO, as a substitute for synthetic chemical substances has potential for use in the disinfection and sanitization of foods and food processing equipment.
This study was undertaken to observe the effects of the blend of partially purified Yucca schidigera and Quillaja saponaria extracts on cholesterol levels in the human's blood and gastrointestinal functions, and to determine if a new cholesterol-lowering drug can be developed by the further purification of the extracts. Ultrafiltration and sequential diafiltration increased the amounts of steroidal saponin in aqueous yucca extract and terpenoid saponin in aqueous quillaja extract from 9.3% and 21.4% to 17.2% and 61.8%, respectively. Taking 0.9 mg of the blend (6:4, v:v) of the resulting filtrates a day for 4 weeks resulted in the decreases in total and LDL cholesterol levels in blood plasma of hyper-cholesterolemic patients with enhancement in gastrointestinal symptoms of patients.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.