If color Doppler imaging is to continue to evolve into a reliable clinical method to noninvasively evaluate regurgitant lesions, then its grading methods must be quantitated and calibrated under extreme hemodynamic conditions. A left heart pulse duplicator was used to provide a completely controllable system to study aortic incompetence jet morphologies as a function of hemodynamic extremes. The system was first used to calibrate the limits of resolution of color Doppler imaging. Next, to define which jet features reliably predict the defect size or the regurgitant fraction and which are primarily influenced by instantaneous hemodynamic variables, we measured the jets' maximal length, width, proximal width, and temporal pattern of color variance during independent variations in the heart rate, cardiac output, and pressure gradient across the incompetent valve. The proximal jet width (immediately below the valve plane) was the only reliable independent predictor of both the defect size and the regurgitant fraction. Jet depth accurately predicted peak velocity (quantitated by laser Doppler velocimetry); it reliably predicted the severity of incompetence only at a known pressure gradient across the valve. Large defects (5 mm) produced jets with maximal color variance in early diastole, whereas small defects produced pandiastolic variance. Circulation 75, No. 4, 837-846, 1987. QUANTIFICATION of native and prosthetic valvular incompetence has traditionally relied upon contrast angiography. Besides
The effect of administration of pirmenol, an extensively metabolized and plasma protein-bound antiarrhythmic agent, was evaluated in ten patients on chronic warfarin therapy. After a 3-week baseline period and 7 days of placebo administration, patients received 150 mg of oral pirmenol every 12 hours for 14 days. Prothrombin time was determined during the baseline and placebo periods, during pirmenol administration, and 14 days after the last pirmenol dose (washout). There was no significant difference between mean baseline, placebo, pirmenol, and washout prothrombin times. Coadministration of pirmenol does not appear to affect the anticoagulant activity of warfarin.
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