The authors introduce critical race theory as a decisional framework for ethical counseling, with a focus on racial disparities when working particularly with African American clients. The authors provide a fictional case example that explains how this framework can be implemented when conducting cross-cultural counseling with African American clients. Implications for counselors are provided.

This article describes a qualitative project, utilizing a narratology approach, to explore the experiences of five participants identified as belonging to two distinct families whose son and daughter identified as gay and bisexual (GB). Respondents in this study included the GB-identified son and daughter and their parents, to explore the impact of the disclosure process within families in the Southwestern United States. Both families expressed different types of experiences following the disclosure, which provide case studies toward family interventions. Implications for counseling practice and future research will be explored.

This article describes a qualitative project, utilizing grounded theory, to explore the experiences of African American families when one member discloses their identity as lesbian, gay, or bisexual (LGB) or their gender identity as transgender (T). Respondents in this study included the LGBT-identified son or daughter, and a parent, to explore the impact of the disclosure process within African American families in the Southwestern United States. Implications for counseling practice and future research will be explored.

Across all the different dynamics that occur within the family (e.g., interaction, roles, rules, patterns), the most common area investigated by scholars is family functioning or