Application. The conifer regeneration required for a continuing supply of coarse woody debris can be obtained by maintaining existing riparian conifer stands, but most coastal riparian areas are dominated by hardwoods and shrubs. Reserving or preserving those hardwood and shrub areas will not provide the needed conifer debris, and silvicultural treatments will be necessary.Abstract. Riparian trees and shrubs are important providers of shade, bank stability, and woody debris needed for optimal stream quality and fish habitat in the coastal mountains of Oregon, but more data are needed to relate this woody vegetation to environmental variables. Trees, shrubs, and forest regeneration were studied in 22 riparian environments to provide those data. Conifer basal area increased with elevation, stream gradient, time since disturbance, and distance from the stream; it decreased with stream width. Salmonberry (Rubus spectabilis Pursh) cover and stink currant (Ribes bracteosum Dougl. ex Hook.) cover were highest near the streams. Dwarf Oregon grape (Berberis nervosa Pursh) cover and salal (Gaultheria shallon Pursh) cover were lowest near the streams. Although forest regeneration was poor everywhere, it decreased with total shrub cover and increased with stream gradient. Existing riparian conifer stands should be maintained wherever a continuing supply of coarse woody debris is required.

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Germination and early growth on rotten wood and duff under several shade levels were observed for Douglas-fir, Sitka spruce, western hemlock, western redcedar, lodgepole pine, Pacific silver fir, and red alder. Nutrients were more abundant in duff than in rotten wood. Seedlings usually were larger and more abundant on duff-covered rotten logs than on duff-covered mineral soil under dense coastal stands. Duff accumulations were thicker on logs and over rotten wood embedded in the soil than over mineral soil alone. Shade limited root growth more than height growth, and seed bed differences limited height growth more than root growth. All conifer species responded similarly to the seed bed and shade differences tested, and type of organic seed bed probably does not affect species composition of forest regeneration under lightly thinned shelterwoods in coastal Oregon. Preserving duff accumulations under shaded conditions benefits early growth of all conifer species.

Seedlings of eight northwestern tree speaies were grown over oontrolled water table depths of 7.5^25. 5 j and 66.0 centimeters. Lodgepole pine^western redoedar, red alders and Sitka spruoe were all tolerant of shallow water tables. However^lodgepole pine and western redoedar grew best over the deepest water table y as did western white pine. Douglasfir was intolerant of shallow water tables. Western hemlook and Pacific silver fir were not significantly affected by depth of the water table.

An estimated 160, 000 acres support huckleberries in Oregon and Washington, but this area is dwindling as trees and shrubs invade the berry fields. Effective vegetation-control methods and huckleberry management techniques have not been developed. However, such techniques are available for the closely related eastern blueberries, and it may be possible to modify these methods for northwestern conditions. Descriptions and an identification key of the 12 northwestern Vaeainium species are given, as well as a literature review.