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NRC Publications Archive Archives des publications du CNRCThis publication could be one of several versions: author's original, accepted manuscript or the publisher's version. / La version de cette publication peut être l'une des suivantes : la version prépublication de l'auteur, la version acceptée du manuscrit ou la version de l'éditeur. For the publisher's version, please access the DOI link below./ Pour consulter la version de l'éditeur, utilisez le lien DOI ci-dessous.http://doi.org/10.1149/1.3567954 Society, 158, 5, pp. A537-A545, 2011-03-23 Study of the LiMn or LiBF 4 as the salt, and the effect of cycling at different operating conditions (short and long storage time, state of charge and temperature) on the surface layer composition was assessed. Capacities reaching near the theoretical value of 140 mAh g À1 were obtained in half cells cycled at C=2 and room temperature, with 85% of the capacity being retained after 100 cycles. Cycling at 60 C leads to a decrease in capacity and coulombic efficiency. The surface analysis by XPS revealed that the CEI is composed of inorganic species such as LiF and Li x PF y O z or Li x BF y O z as well as organic species such as polyethers and carbonates. Generally, it was found that cycling or storing the material at 60 C with an electrolyte using LiPF 6 as a salt yield more organic species and less LiF at the surface than the one with LiBF 4 .
Journal of the Electrochemical
In an on-going study of the materials and techniques of twentieth-century Canadian painters, similar conservation issues in oil paintings by various artists have been noted. These include delamination and lifting paint, zinc soap protrusions and surface efflorescence or accretions. Examples of these phenomena are presented. Delamination in an oil painting from 1956 was found to be related to an underlayer with a high concentration of zinc fatty acid salts (zinc soaps). In two paintings that date from 1936 and 1937, zinc soaps have aggregated and formed protrusions that have broken through the paint surface. The protrusions were analysed using a combination of SEM-EDX, GCMS and FTIR. The FTIR spectra were compared to those of synthetic zinc palmitate, stearate, azelate and oleate. The combined GCMS and FTIR results indicate that the protrusions contain primarily zinc palmitate and stearate. Peak splitting in the FTIR spectrum, which is not observed in synthetic zinc palmitate, stearate or binary palmitate-stearate salts, is likely due to structural distortion. The final example describes a disfiguring surface accretion on a 1952-1954 painting caused by the reaction of zinc with a low molecular weight carboxylic acid (2-hydroxypropanoic or lactic acid).
Water-soluble carborane functionalized nanoparticles also co-functionalized with targeting antibodies have been prepared. We demonstrate tumour cell targeting with anti-EGFR antibodies and delivery of a high concentration of boron using SERS imaging. This suggests these materials have a therapeutic potential in addition to multimodal imaging capabilities.
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