En los niños y niñas con Capacidad Intelectual Límite (CIL), el análisis de sus funciones cognitivas a través de escalas de inteligencia es siempre complejo, más aún cuando pueden aportar aspectos explicativos de sus dificultades de aprendizaje. La Escala de Wechsler, a través de las funciones y pruebas que se agrupan en la Memoria de Trabajo (MT) y en la Velocidad de Procesamiento (VP), proporciona información relevante sobre la estructura y funcionamiento cognitivo, con respecto a una posible disfunción psiconeurológica, en la base explicativa de las dificultades específicas de aprendizaje. En este trabajo se estudia el perfil del WISC-IV de 39 alumnos y alumnas con CIL, en particular, los índices de MT y de VP, en su asociación con las dificultades de aprendizaje que presentan. Se concluye que esos índices son una importante base explicativa de sus dificultades, a la vez que una referencia para los aspectos relacionados con su intervención psicopedagógica.
(1) Background: Executive functioning is a concept that suggests a scheme of relationship between brain-mind and behavior, through a plan and control of individuals actions on tasks and context. This work is an approach to the study between relationship of abilities (flair) and the execution, between cognitive development and executive functioning as intelligence and creativity and reading writing learning association. The objective is trying to give a definition of neuropsychological profile of Gifted Students; (2) Methods: We studied 20 Gifted Student assessments by a school counselor, under some characteristics as having greater than 125 IQ. The age range was 6:8 to 11:8 from Primary School. Instruments were WISC-V. BRIEF-2 and TTCT; (3) Results: We observed a positive correlation between IQ and Inhibition, that would keep relation with behavioral mechanism (guide work, autonomy, impulse control, ...) of students to develop cognitive and metacognitive abilities as going in-depth in habits, skill, and strategies of intellectual work in the classroom; (4) Conclusions: There is a distance between executive functioning and IQ. Correlations, considering our sample, would express a halfway association between both variables. Association that would be explained for the connection or underlying cognitive mechanism in some factors of variables.
The existence and family living with a sibling with a disability implies a dynamic and a structure with meaning to children and their circumstances. However, a sibling that accompanies, helps, or takes part in family life, usually is lower analysis compared with children with disabilities. The goal of this work is to analyze the behavior of children before siblings with disabilities. Following two children’s opinions in this context. It is intended to make some analysis about the children's behavior towards their sibling, and finally, seek reflection on the structure of family relationships.
Este trabajo aborda la discapacidad en el contexto universitario, desde la adecuación a las necesidades y características de la persona. Esta mirada busca que quienes presenten necesidades especiales asociadas a la discapacidad, dispongan de los medios, apoyos y recursos suficientes para asegurar la igualdad real y efectiva de oportunidades dentro de la comunidad universitaria. De acuerdo con ese objetivo, con este artículo se pretende generar una reflexión en el docente universitario, sobre las cuestiones de accesibilidad y adaptación -como aspectos básicos- en la atención a su alumnado con discapacidad. Estos aspectos se relacionan con la búsqueda de desarrollo tecnológico, formativo y personal-social, propio de una Universidad abierta a la sociedad, apuntando hacia valores de normalización, integración e inclusión. En una primera parte, se tratan generalidades sobre el desarrollo tecnológico y usuarios con discapacidad, para pasar a una segunda en la que se abordan cuestiones de la accesibilidad y la discapacidad, continuando con su concreción en el currículum universitario del alumnado con discapacidad.
Innovative and Integrated New Solutions for Sustainable Employability (INTENSE) project aims at improving youth employment in Europe. It is focused on a subgroup so-called NEETs (not in education, employment and training) which is not reached (compare Eurofound 2012, Eurofound 2015) by usual means of employment centred initiatives for educationally deprived youth with psychosocial, mental, multifactorial problems, problematic lifestyles, disabilities, etc. Eurofound 2015, identifies a europe-wide need of this target group to be addressed. They also include the call for the development of holistic approaches in order to achieve sustainability. The above-mentioned need provides the stimulus for the consortium to develop (1st part of the project) and test (2nd part of the project) a client-centered educational concept. In essence, the following 3 dimensions are taken into account: 1st dimension-Compensation. The compensatory aspect concerns the assignment of a Transition Coach who works systemically and enables the clients to recognise their own educational needs, to ask for the coach's support on their own initiative, to develop their own goals and work on the achievement of the latter in an independent manner. 2nd dimension-prevention. The studies which identified the need for a holistic approach, define the requirement of national support systems to act in a preventive manner in order to produce as few NEETs as possible and, if applicable, start the holistic approach at an early stage. 3rd dimension-Structure and Cooperation. The issue going hand in hand with the points mentioned above is the explanation of structural aspects with regards to the success of integrated approaches. By involving the stakeholders at an early stage and throughout the entire project, a solid basis for achieving cross-sectoral cooperation is created. The role of the University of Malaga is to ensure the evaluation of the project development (1st part of the project) and implementation (2nd part of the project) using modern, and scientific methods. For this purpose, the university will apply the Stufflebeam Model during the development phase and evaluates the implementation phase according to effectiveness and efficiency by applying the Contribution Analysis (Mayne 2008).
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