This study aimed to investigate the influence of silicone oil on the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in patients with primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment who underwent vitreoretinal surgery. The study included 47 patients (eyes), who underwent a pars plana vitrectomy with the silicone oil tamponade. The control group included unoperated eye of all participants. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) was used for the measurements of peripapilar and macular RNFL thickness. The average peripapillary RNFL thickness was significantly higher in the silicone oil filled eyes during endotamponade and after its removal. The eyes with elevated IOP had less thickening of the RNFL in comparison to the eyes with normal IOP. Central macular thickness and macular volume were decreased in the silicone oil filled eyes in comparison to the control eyes. In conclusion, silicone oil caused peripapilar RNFL thickening in the vitrectomized eyes during endotamponade and after silicone oil removal.
A case of a 14-year-old girl suffering from intense headaches is presented. At the first pediatrician's examination, the patient had regular findings. Prolonged P100 wave latencies were found by testing the visual evoked potentials. After further examination following repeated headaches, Arnold Chiari type I malformation was diagnosed. Arnold Chiari malformation is classified as downward displacement of one or both cerebellar tonsils through foramen magnum. The most common symptom is occipital or suboccipital headaches that usually happens after hard physical effort. Changes in visual evoked potential latencies can be present before other clinical symptoms and can be a useful tool in the diagnostics of headaches in children and adolescents.
Glavobolja je jedan od najčešćih simptoma u neurologiji i vrlo čest uzrok recidivirajućih bolova u djece. Glava, lice i meki oglavak bogato su opskrbljeni receptorima za bol u odnosu na ostale dijelove tijela, što može objasniti zašto su bolovi tako često lokalizirani u glavi. Glavobolje su vrlo česte u djece i adolescenata. One imaju negativan utjecaj na učenje djeteta, pamćenje, osobnost, međuljudske odnose ili odnose s vršnjacima, kao i na izvršavanje školskih i izvanškolskih obveza. To, naravno, ovisi o etiologiji, učestalosti i intenzitetu glavobolje. Metode liječenja za različite tipove glavobolje su različite. Važno je prepoznati vrstu glavobolje, tako da se može tretirati na pravilan način. Svako dijete s glavoboljom treba individualan pristup. Pravodobno i pra-vilno liječenje čini bolest podnošljivijom i osigurava bolju kvalitetu života. Elektrofiziološke pretrage procjenjuju funkciju vidnog puta na određenom nivou. Vidni evocirani potencijali (VEP) predstavljaju kortikalni odgovor na vidni stimulus. Parametri VEP-a koji se analiziraju i opisuju su latencija, vremenski interval između stimulacije i pojave odgovora, te amplituda P 100 vala. U ovom istraživanju ispitivali smo VEP testiranjem promjene u vrijednostima amplitude i latencija P100 vala za vrijeme migrena i mirne faze u djece.
The aim of this retrospective study was to determine the strabismus angle variability and rationality of surgical treatment of strabismus in prematurely born children with neurological impairment during 12-year follow up. Eleven premature infants born in 2003 were included in the study and treated with equal conservative approach from 2005 until 2016. Initial esotropia was found in seven and exotropia in four of eleven children. Changes in the strabismus angle correlated significantly with aging of the children. In children with initial esotropia, the strabismus angle became less convergent (less positive), changed the orientation and became more divergent with aging. In those with initial exotropia, the angle became less divergent (more positive), changed the orientation and became more convergent. Moreover, a significant difference in the strabismus angle was found during the 12-year follow up. Based on our results, due to the variability in strabismus angle, we did not find enough evidence for optimal timing or rationality of strabismus surgery in neurologically impaired children born prematurely.
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