No abstract

No abstract

Background: Rectal procidentia (rectal prolapse) is a disabling condition. Surgical repair is the treatment of choice for candidates who have a full thickness rectal procidentia. Multiple procedures exist for the repair of rectal procidentia, however; none of them is most effective. Methods: This study was carried out at Minia University Hospital as a prospective non randomized study that compared laparoscopic posterior mesh rectopexy (Group A; n = 20) with Recto-sigmoidectomy (Group B; n = 20) for complete rectal prolapse as regards complications; functional outcomes (constipation and continence) and sexual functions after surgery. Results: The female to male ratio was 3: 2 and their ages ranged from 19-70 years with mean of 41.2 years. The operative time in the resection rectopexy group was significantly longer than the rectopexy group. No significant difference between the two groups regarding intraoperative complications (bleeding only). Resection rectopexy group had statistically significant drop in the constipation score than Posterior mesh rectopexy group with a mean score of 16.9 point(pre) and 2.3point(post) versus a score of 10.3point(pre) and 4.3point(post) respectively. There is no incontinence occurred in mesh rectopexy group but in resection rectopexy group; there were 6 patients developed incontinence with a range 0-20 point and mean 5.4 point The P-Value was 0.007 and it is statistically significant. Sexual functions are preserved in both groups. Conclusion: Although recto-sigmoidectomy seems to affect the continence, it improves constipation scores more significantly in patients with chronic constipation than the posterior mesh rectopexy. Sexual functions will be preserved in both operations.

Aim: Test the effectiveness and results of anal sphincter repair and the effect of different factors on the outcomes of the operation. Patients and methods: In the period between January 2017 and January 2020; thirty Patients who had fecal incontinence and who presented to Minia University hospital underwent anal sphincter repair. Data on demographic information, etiology, duration of symptoms before surgery, imaging data, type of procedure performed, complications, and outcomes were collected. The participants were followed-up for a minimum of 6 months following anal sphincter repair. Patients were classified according to their satisfaction from surgery into two groups; well satisfied and not satisfied patients. They were classified according to the degree of continence after surgery into full; partial and non-continent patients. Results: 83.3% of patients were satisfied after surgery versus 16.7% who were unsatisfied. About seventy-three percent (73.3%) of the 30 patients stated subjectively that they had become fully continent after the repair, however, 8 patients (26.7%) became partially continent. Conclusion: Sphincter repair operation is a safe and feasible operation for the treatment of fecal incontinence due to different causes. Sphincter injuries due to road traffic accidents are associated with best outcomes while iatrogenic injuries have the worst outcomes. Better results are obtained with external sphincter repair versus the isolated internal sphincter repair. It seems that age and duration after surgery don't affect the outcomes.

Aswad et al., 2003;Ragaei and Sabry, 2011). The unwise and continuous use of insecticides for controlling agricultural pests leads to adverse effects on beneficial insects, wildlife, animals and humans; this is to environmental pollution and residues in foods (Abdel-Hafez and Mohamed, 2009;Ehab, 2012). In recent times, research is focused on advanced safer pesticides, so, the natural products of plant origin especially the unused parts of plants such as leaves, that are often burnt by farmers, are considered the perfect choice to avoid the disadvantages of pesticide use, as they would be cheap, nonhazardous and easy to use (Koul, 1987;Ghada et al., 2017).Recent studies used GC-MS (Gas chromatography) to analyze the tested plant extracts to detect the major components in the extracts (Zouaghi et al., 2019).The objective of the present study is to test the effect of four plant extracts from unused parts of plants, which were, leaves of tomato, eggplant, pepper and okra on the proportion of egg hatching of cotton leafworm and use GC-Mass for the most effective extracts' analysis.

No abstract

No abstract

Background Methotrexate has been predominantly used for more than 20 years as first-line therapy for improving the clinical course and quality of life in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Although this drug is available and effective, however some of the patients may fail to respond to it, making a special challenge to Rheumatologists. Objectives This work aimed to assess the use of elevated serum P-gp as a risk marker of therapeutic failure in RA patients treated with methotrexate and to correlate its level with the disease activity score (DAS 28). Subject and methods eighty RA patients were recruited from Outpatient Rheumatology Clinic at Mansoura University Hospital. All patients were on methotrexate therapy at a stable dosage at least 6 months prior to study onset. Disease activity was evaluated using DAS 28-ESR score. Out of the recruited patients, 25 responders to MTX with DAS 28 <3.2 (Group I) and 25 nonresponders with DAS 28 > 3.2 (Group II), who met the inclusion criteria were admitted to the study. Serum levels of P-glycoprotein were estimated by ELISA. P-gp was compared in both groups and correlated with clinical factors, DAS 28 score and laboratory parameters. Multivariate analysis was performed using the Cox proportional hazards model to determine whether high serum P-gp has an independent prognostic value for poor response to methotrexate therapy. Results RA patients responding to MTX had significant lower serum P-glycoprotein compared to patients with MTX failure (p=0.041). Significant positive correlations were observed between serum P-gp levels and number of swollen joints (p=0.001), number of tender joints (P=0.003), deteriorated patient global health score (p=0.002), DAS 28, ESR (P = 0.01), rheumatoid factor (p < 0.001), and anti CCP (P = 0.002). No significant correlations were found between serum P-gp levels and age, disease duration, and duration of methotrexate therapy. After adjusting for confounding variables, elevated P-gp remained associated with MTX failure (Hazard Ratio 2.78, 95% CI 1.37 ─ 5.64, P =0.035). Conclusions Elevated serum P-gp results in resistance to methotrexate therapy in RA patients. High serum P-gp in association with high DAS 28 score can be used as a marker to assess the risk of MTX failure in RA.. So, assessment of P-gp level may facilitate clinical decision-making, allowing improving the ability to tailor treatment for each RA patient.