Background: Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) is the most accurate technique in determining fat percentage but it is unpotable, expensive, unavailable for general applicability. Objective: This study aimed to find the most accurate and easiest technique as alternative to DEXA for quick determination of body fat%. This study examined the accuracy of three models of Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) technique (Fat Loss Monitor- Body Composition -Body Fat Analyzer) in determining the body fat percentage with using DEXA as a reference standard. Subject and Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out during the period from (28-9-2017) to (5-4-2018) among a random sample of (53) volunteers female student in Umm Al Qura University from Faculty of Applied Medical Science aged between (20-39 years) from different level of education. All subjects were generally healthy, data was collected through a structured questionnaire compose of three section. Demographic data was collected and anthropometric measurements were evaluated as well as body composition (Only body fat%) using DEXA, body composition monitor, fat loss monitor and body fat analyzer. Results: BMI classification of the total 53 subjects was including 8 healthy females, 17 overfat, 25 obese and 3 underweight. The fat% result from DEXA and body fat analyzer was significant difference at (P < 0.05). Fat percent result from DEXA and Body Composition device was non-significant difference at (P>0.05). The fat% result from DEXA and Fat Loss Monitor device was significant at difference (P<0.05). Conclusion: The most accurate of BIA technique was the Body Composition device compering to DEXA.
Purpose: To investigate the knowledge of Saudi women (pregnant and non-pregnant) about the significance of folic acid (FA) supplementation and to determine how income levels affects this knowledge and its implementation. Methods: The study was conducted among women of child-bearing age attending Al-Hada Armed Forces Hospital and Khaliss General Hospital (both in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) for pregnant women and Omm Al-Qura University in Makkah Governorate (Saudi Arabia) for non-pregnant women. A structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic data and to analyze levels of FA knowledge, including general awareness, proper timing of its use, information source, FA benefits, and the perils of FA deficiency. A chi-square test was performed to test the differences between variables. Results: Analysis of the survey data revealed that 81.1 % of non–pregnant and 91.1 % of pregnant women were aware of the term, FA (p < 0.05). Moreover, 71.1 % of the pregnant compared to 35.6% of non-pregnant women knew that this supplement must be taken before becoming pregnant and this difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). For pregnant women, doctors and previous pregnancies were the main sources of FA knowledge, while mass media was the most frequently reported source for non-pregnant women (p < 0.05). Income level was not associated with FA knowledge in either group. Conclusions: This study illustrates a deficiency in the knowledge and consumption of this important micronutrient in women of childbearing age, the population most in need of this information. Nutrition education should be provided to increase the understanding and practice of FA supplementation periconceptionally and during pregnancy.
Acute or chronic side effects of hyperglycemia may affect all systems and organs, such as sexual glands. Approximately 90 percent of diabetic patients suffer from sexual dysfunction, including libido and fertility. This study is designed to investigate the effect of diabetes on the sex hormones levels ad to evaluate the ameliorative effect of dandelion leaves powder (DLP) on diabetes-induced changes of gonadal hormones and glucose serum levels in male rats. Experimental diabetes mellitus was induced by subcutaneous injection with 65mg streptozotocin STZ/kg body weight. DLP was given in pelleted food at ratio of 5% for 28 days. DLP was effective in lowering Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) serum level in dandelion-treated rats compared to controls in diabetic group. DLP was also able to reverse the progesterone lowering effect of diabetes. In all of the classes, the estrogen level did not show any noticeable difference. It is suggested that DLP can have a regulatory effect in male rats on diabetes-induced changes in gonadal hormone levels, especially progesterone. Our research has shown that long-term administration of DLP in the diabetes experimental model could be used as a good candidate for reproductive hormone deficiency therapy.
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